Tag: M.W=150-200

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Category: pyrimidines.

Farmer, Luc J.;Ledeboer, Mark W.;Hoock, Thomas;Arnost, Michael J.;Bethiel, Randy S.;Bennani, Youssef L.;Black, James J.;Brummel, Christopher L.;Chakilam, Ananthsrinivas;Dorsch, Warren A.;Fan, Bin;Cochran, John E.;Halas, Summer;Harrington, Edmund M.;Hogan, James K.;Howe, David;Huang, Hui;Jacobs, Dylan H.;Laitinen, Leena M.;Liao, Shengkai;Mahajan, Sudipta;Marone, Valerie;Martinez-Botella, Gabriel;McCarthy, Pamela;Messersmith, David;Namchuk, Mark;Oh, Luke;Penney, Marina S.;Pierce, Albert C.;Raybuck, Scott A.;Rugg, Arthur;Salituro, Francesco G.;Saxena, Kumkum;Shannon, Dean;Shlyakter, Dina;Swenson, Lora;Tian, Shi-Kai;Town, Christopher;Wang, Jian;Wang, Tiansheng;Wannamaker, M. Woods;Winquist, Raymond J.;Zuccola, Harmon J. research published 《 Discovery of VX-509 (Decernotinib): A Potent and Selective Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases》, the research content is summarized as follows. While several therapeutic options exist, the need for more effective, safe, and convenient treatment for a variety of autoimmune diseases persists. Targeting the Janus tyrosine kinases (JAKs), which play essential roles in cell signaling responses and can contribute to aberrant immune function associated with disease, has emerged as a novel and attractive approach for the development of new autoimmune disease therapies. We screened our compound library against JAK3, a key signaling kinase in immune cells, and identified multiple scaffolds showing good inhibitory activity for this kinase. A particular scaffold of interest, the 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine series (7-azaindoles), was selected for further optimization in part on the basis of binding affinity (K_i) as well as on the basis of cellular potency. Optimization of this chem. series led to the identification of VX-509 (decernotinib), a novel, potent, and selective JAK3 inhibitor, which demonstrates good efficacy in vivo in the rat host vs. graft model (HvG). On the basis of these findings, it appears that VX-509 offers potential for the treatment of a variety of autoimmune diseases.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Category: pyrimidines

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). Formula: C4HCl2FN2.

Fensome, Andrew;Ambler, Catherine M.;Arnold, Eric;Banker, Mary Ellen;Clark, James D.;Dowty, Martin E.;Efremov, Ivan V.;Flick, Andrew;Gerstenberger, Brian S.;Gifford, Roger S.;Gopalsamy, Ariamala;Hegen, Martin;Jussif, Jason;Limburg, David C.;Lin, Tsung H.;Pierce, Betsy S.;Sharma, Raman;Trujillo, John I.;Vajdos, Felix F.;Vincent, Fabien;Wan, Zhao-Kui;Xing, Li;Yang, Xiaojing;Yang, Xin research published 《 Design and optimization of a series of 4-(3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-amines: Dual inhibitors of TYK2 and JAK1》, the research content is summarized as follows. Herein, we disclose a new series of TYK2/ JAK1 inhibitors based upon a 3.1.0 azabicyclic substituted pyrimidine scaffold. We illustrate the use of structure-based drug design for the initial design and subsequent optimization of this series of compounds One advanced example 19 met program objectives for potency, selectivity and ADME, and demonstrated oral activity in the adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Formula: C4HCl2FN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Quality Control of 2927-71-1.

Fensome, Andrew;Ambler, Catherine M.;Arnold, Eric;Banker, Mary Ellen;Brown, Matthew F.;Chrencik, Jill;Clark, James D.;Dowty, Martin E.;Efremov, Ivan V.;Flick, Andrew;Gerstenberger, Brian S.;Gopalsamy, Ariamala;Hayward, Matthew M.;Hegen, Martin;Hollingshead, Brett D.;Jussif, Jason;Knafels, John D.;Limburg, David C.;Lin, David;Lin, Tsung H.;Pierce, Betsy S.;Saiah, Eddine;Sharma, Raman;Symanowicz, Peter T.;Telliez, Jean-Baptiste;Trujillo, John I.;Vajdos, Felix F.;Vincent, Fabien;Wan, Zhao-Kui;Xing, Li;Yang, Xiaojing;Yang, Xin;Zhang, Liying research published 《 Dual Inhibition of TYK2 and JAK1 for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases: Discovery of ((S)-2,2-Difluorocyclopropyl)((1R,5S)-3-(2-((1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)amino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-8-yl)methanone (PF-06700841)》, the research content is summarized as follows. Cytokine signaling is an important characteristic of autoimmune diseases. Many pro-inflammatory cytokines signal through the Janus kinase (JAK)/Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway. JAK1 is important for the γ-common chain cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6 and type-I interferon (IFN) family, while TYK2 in addition to type-I IFN signaling also plays a role in IL-23 and IL-12 signaling. Intervention with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) or JAK1 inhibitors has demonstrated efficacy in Phase III psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease and rheumatoid arthritis studies, leading to multiple drug approvals. It is hypothesized that a dual JAK1/TYK2 inhibitor will provide addnl. efficacy, while managing risk by optimizing selectivity against JAK2 driven hematopoietic changes. Our program began with a conformationally constrained piperazinyl-pyrimidine Type 1 ATP site inhibitor, subsequent work led to the discovery of PF-06700841 (compound 23), which is in Phase II clin. development (NCT02969018, NCT02958865, NCT03395184, and NCT02974868).

Quality Control of 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). Product Details of C4H3BrN2.

Firouzeh, Ebrahim;Kazemi, Foad;Gholinejad, Mohammad;Kaboudin, Babak research published 《 Visible photosensitized sonogashira-hagihara coupling through in situ prepared palladium catalyst in N,N-dimethylformamide under copper and amine-free additives》, the research content is summarized as follows. In this study, copper and amine-free photosensitized Sonogashira-Hagihara coupling reaction using Pd(OAc)₂ and p-nitrobenzophenone in N,N-dimethylformamide(DMF) under blue LED irradiation was reported. Effect of benzophenone, p-methoxybenzophenone and p-nitrobenzophenone as photosensitizers in Sonogashira-Hagihara reaction were studied in which higher yields were achieved using p-nitrobenzophenone. In situ preparation of palladium nanoparticles and the effect of p-nitrobenzophenone were confirmed using UV-Vis and dynamic light scattering (DLS). It was proposed that the DMF affected the formation and stabilization of palladium nanoparticles. Using this catalytic system, aryl iodides and bromides were reacted efficiently with alkynes between 25 and 60°C.

Product Details of C4H3BrN2, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., 4595-59-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Electric Literature of 4595-59-9.

Frippiat, Steven;Peresson, Antoine;Perse, Thibaut;Ramondenc, Yvan;Schneider, Cedric;Querolle, Olivier;Angibaud, Patrick;Poncelet, Virginie;Meerpoel, Lieven;Levacher, Vincent;Bischoff, Laurent;Baudequin, Christine;Hoarau, Christophe research published 《 Pd(0)-Catalyzed Direct Inter- and Intramolecular C-H Functionalization of 4-Carboxyimidazoles》, the research content is summarized as follows. The palladium-catalyzed arylation and alkenylation of N-substituted Me imidazole-4-carboxylates were described through inter- and intramol. pathways. Both direct C2-H and C5-H arylation and alkenylation proceeded under Pd(0)/Cu(I) cooperative catalysis and Pd(0) catalysis, resp., in low-polarity 1,4-dioxane solvent. The methodol. gave access to C2 (hetero)aryl or alkenyl imidazoles as well as innovative C2- and C5-arylated fused imidazoles tricycles with a five- to seven-membered middle ring.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Electric Literature of 4595-59-9

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.

Fu, Yongfeng;Guo, Ning;Yun, Zhi;Sun, Shanshan research published 《 Synthesis of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine and recovery of DMA from waste water》, the research content is summarized as follows. 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine was prepared by reaction of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and phosphorus oxychloride in the presence of N,N-dimethylaniline (DMA) as acid acceptor. The effect of molar ratio of 5-FU to phosphorus oxychloride, molar ratio of 5-FU to N,N-dimethylaniline, reaction temperature and reaction time was investigated. Furthermore, reaction mechanism was discussed. 5-FU and POCl₃ ratio 1:10, 5-FU and DMA ratio 1:1.5, reaction temperature 114°C, reaction time 2 h were the optimum process parameters of synthesizing 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. Under this process condition, maximum yield of 92.2% of 2,4-dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine could be obtained. The pH of waste water was then adjusted by adding sodium hydroxide, and the effect of pH on recovery of DMA and yield of byproduct disodium hydrogen phosphate was studied. When pH was adjusted to 7, maximum recovery of DMA and maximum yield of byproduct disodium hydrogen phosphate could be obtained.

Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. Reference of 2927-71-1.

Fuerst, Rita;Yong Choi, Jun;Knapinska, Anna M.;Smith, Lyndsay;Cameron, Michael D.;Ruiz, Claudia;Fields, Gregg B.;Roush, William R. research published 《 Development of matrix metalloproteinase-13 inhibitors – A structure-activity/structure-property relationship study》, the research content is summarized as follows. A structure-activity/structure-property relationship study based on the physicochem. as well as in vitro pharmacokinetic properties of a first generation matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 inhibitor (2) was undertaken. After systematic variation of inhibitor 2, compound 31 was identified which exhibited microsomal half-life higher than 20 min, kinetic solubility higher than 20 μM, and a permeability coefficient greater than 20 × 10^-6 cm/s. Compound 31 also showed excellent in vivo PK properties after IV dosing (C_max = 56.8 μM, T_1/2 (plasma) = 3.0 h, Cl = 0.23 mL/min/kg) and thus is a suitable candidate for in vivo efficacy studies in an OA animal model.

Reference of 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). Quality Control of 65-86-1.

Fugaban, Joanna Ivy Irorita;Vazquez Bucheli, Jorge Enrique;Park, Yu Jin;Suh, Dong Ho;Jung, Eun Sung;Franco, Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo;Ivanova, Iskra Vitanova;Holzapfel, Wilhelm Heinrich;Todorov, Svetoslav Dimitrov research published 《 Antimicrobial properties of Pediococcus acidilactici and Pediococcus pentosaceus isolated from silage》, the research content is summarized as follows. The objective of this study was to isolate multifunctional bacteriocin-producing strains; to characterize the expressed bacteriocin for the control of Listeria monocytogenes and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus; to evaluate the safety of studied strains; and to explore their antifungal activity. Two Pediococcus strains were isolated from silage samples obtained from an organic farm in Belogradchik, Bulgaria. The strains were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing anal. and characterized as bacteriocins producers. Strong antimicrobial activity was detected against more than 74 different strains of Listeria monocytogenes, 27 different vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus strains. In addition, studied strains were able to inhibit the growth of strains of Alternaria alternate, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium sphaerospermum, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium expansum. Some aspects of the antimicrobial mode of action were evaluated, including killing curves and aggregation properties. Both strains generated pos. PCR results for the presence of pediocin PA-1, but not for other bacteriocins evaluated in this screening process. Metabolomic anal. of the cell-free supernatants from both strains was performed in order to explain the observed antifungal activity against different molds. According to PCA and PLS-DA score plot, P. acidilactici ST3522BG and P. pentosaceus ST3633BG were clearly clustered from control (MRS). Increases in the production of benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyisocaproic acid, β-phenyl-lactic acid, α-hydroxybutyric acid and 1,3-butanediol were recorded, these metabolites were previously described as antifungal. Pediococcus acidilactici ST3522BG and P. pentosaceus ST3633BG were evaluated as producing bacteriocin strains with high specificity against Listeria and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus species. In addition, both investigated Pediococcus strains were evaluated as producer of effective antifungal metabolites with potential for the inhibition of mycotoxin-producing molds. Significance and Impact of the Study : To the best of our knowledge, this report is a pioneer in the evaluation of Pediococcus strains isolated from silage with highly specific bacteriocinogenic antimicrobial activity against Listeria spp. and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp., and antifungal activity against mycotoxin-producing molds.

Quality Control of 65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. Related Products of 65-86-1.

Fushimura, Yohei;Hoshino, Atsushi;Furukawa, Satoru;Nakagawa, Takashi;Hino, Tomohiro;Taminishi, Shunta;Minami, Yoshito;Urata, Ryota;Iwai-Kanai, Eri;Matoba, Satoaki research published 《 Orotic acid protects pancreatic β cell by p53 inactivation in diabetic mouse model》, the research content is summarized as follows. Impairment of pancreatic β cells is a principal driver of the development of diabetes. Restoring normal insulin release from the β cells depends on the ATP produced by the intracellular mitochondria. In maintaining mitochondrial function, the tumor suppressor p53 has emerged as a novel regulator of metabolic homeostasis and participates in adaptations to nutritional changes. In this study, we used orotic acid, an intermediate in the pathway for de novo synthesis of the pyrimidine nucleotide, to reduce genotoxicity. Administration of orotic acid reduced p53 activation of MIN6 β cells and subsequently reduced β cell death in the db/db mouse. Orotic acid intake helped to maintain the islet size, number of β cells, and protected insulin secretion in the db/db mouse. In conclusion, orotic acid treatment maintained β cell function and reduced cell death, and may therefore, be a future therapeutic strategy for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Related Products of 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Application In Synthesis of 2927-71-1.

Galeta, Juraj;Sala, Michal;Dracinsky, Martin;Vrabel, Milan;Havlas, Zdenek;Nencka, Radim research published 《 Single-Step Formation of Pyrimido[4,5-d]pyridazines by a Pyrimidine-Tetrazine Tandem Reaction》, the research content is summarized as follows. A straightforward synthesis of pyrimido[4,5-d]pyridazines from pyrimidines and tetrazines under basic conditions is reported. Deprotonated, substituted 5-halopyrimidines readily react with variously substituted tetrazines in a highly regioselective manner via a complex reaction pathway, which was supported by DFT calculations This mechanism leads to the empirically observed regioisomers without going through the conceivable hetaryne intermediate. These results on 5-halopyrimidines led to development of the methodol. for preparation of opposite regioisomers based on 6-halopyrimidines.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Application In Synthesis of 2927-71-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia