Tag: M.W=150-200

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. HPLC of Formula: 2927-71-1.

Song, Anran;Zhang, Jianbin;Ge, Yang;Wang, Changyuan;Meng, Qiang;Tang, Zeyao;Peng, Jinyong;Liu, Kexin;Li, Yanxia;Ma, Xiaodong research published 《 C-2 (E)-4-(Styryl)aniline substituted diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (Sty-DPPYs) as specific kinase inhibitors targeting clinical resistance related EGFR^T790M mutant》, the research content is summarized as follows. With the aim to overcome the drug resistance induced by the EGFR T790M mutation (EGFR^T790M), herein, a family of diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (Sty-DPPYs) bearing a C-2 (E)-4-(styryl)aniline functionality were designed and synthesized as potential EGFR^T790M inhibitors. Among them, the compound 10e (N-[3-[[5-fluoro-2-[(E)-4-(3,5-dimethylstyryl)phenylamino]-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]phenyl]-2-acrylamide) displayed strong potency against the EGFR^T790M enzyme, with the IC₅₀ of 11.0 nM. Compound 10e also showed a higher SI value (SI = 49.0) than rociletinib (SI = 21.4), indicating its less side effect. In addition, compound 10e could effectively inhibit the proliferation of H1975 cells harboring the EGFR^T790M mutation, within the concentration of 2.91 μM. Significantly, compound 10e has low toxicity against the normal HBE cell (IC₅₀ = 22.48 μM). This work provided new insights into the discovery of potent and selective inhibitor against EGFR^T790M over wild-type (EGFR^WT).

HPLC of Formula: 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. It is also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Formula: C4H3BrN2.

Song, A-Xiang;Zeng, Xiao-Xiao;Ma, Bei-Bei;Xu, Chang;Liu, Feng-Shou research published 《 Direct (Hetero)arylation of Heteroarenes Catalyzed by Unsymmetrical Pd-PEPPSI-NHC Complexes under Mild Conditions》, the research content is summarized as follows. With the aim of developing a facile and efficient method to access structurally intriguing and valuable functionalized (hetero)aryls, two unsym. Pd-PEPPSI-type NHC complexes (PEPPSI, pyridine-enhanced precatalyst preparation, stabilization, and initiation; NHC, N-heterocyclic carbene) were designed and synthesized to catalyze the direct arylation of heteroarenes with (hetero)aryl bromides. The use of this unsym. strategy led to much higher efficiency in comparison to the commonly used C₂-sym. Pd-PEPPSI-type NHC complexes. Also, a broad range of heteroaromatics and (hetero)aryl bromide partners with a wide variety of functional groups were all amenable to the developed protocol even at ≥0.05 mol % catalyst loading and under aerobic conditions. More importantly, along with the authors’ study, also the present protocol could provide expedient access to the gram-scale synthesis of the muscle relaxant drug dantrolene and conjugated mesopolymers.

Formula: C4H3BrN2, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., 4595-59-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Application In Synthesis of 4595-59-9.

Song, Geyang;Yang, Liu;Li, Jing-Sheng;Tang, Wei-Jun;Zhang, Wei;Cao, Rui;Wang, Chao;Xiao, Jianliang;Xue, Dong research published 《 Chiral Arylated Amines via C-N Coupling of Chiral Amines with Aryl Bromides Promoted by Light》, the research content is summarized as follows. A method based on mol. Ni catalysis driven by light, which enabled stereoretentive C-N coupling of optically active amines, amino alcs. and amino acid esters with aryl bromides, with no need for any external photosensitizer was reported. The method was effective for a wide variety of coupling partners, including those bearing functional groups sensitive to bases and nucleophiles, thus providing a viable alternative to accessing synthetically important chiral N-aryl amines, amino alcs. and amino acids esters. Its viability was demonstrated by 92 examples with up to 99% ee.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Application In Synthesis of 4595-59-9

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Recommanded Product: 5-Bromopyrimidine.

Song, Geyang;Nong, Ding-Zhan;Li, Jing-Sheng;Li, Gang;Zhang, Wei;Cao, Rui;Wang, Chao;Xiao, Jianliang;Xue, Dong research published 《 General Method for the Amination of Aryl Halides with Primary and Secondary Alkyl Amines via Nickel Photocatalysis》, the research content is summarized as follows. It was reported that Ni(II)-bipyridine complex catalyzed efficient C-N coupling of aryl chlorides and bromides with various primary and secondary alkyl amines under direct excitation with light. Intramol. C-N coupling was also demonstrated. The feasibility and applicability of the protocol in organic synthesis was attested by more than 200 examples.

Recommanded Product: 5-Bromopyrimidine, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., 4595-59-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. Application of C4HCl2FN2.

Song, Zhendong;Jin, Yue;Ge, Yang;Wang, Changyuan;Zhang, Jianbin;Tang, Zeyao;Peng, Jinyong;Liu, Kexin;Li, Yanxia;Ma, Xiaodong research published 《 Synthesis and biological evaluation of azole-diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (AzDPPYs) as potent T790M mutant form of epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. A series of novel azole-diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (AzDPPYs) were synthesized and biol. evaluated as potent EGFR^T790M inhibitors. Among these analogs, the most active inhibitor 6e not only displayed high activity against EGFR^T790M/L858R kinase (IC₅₀ = 3.3 nM), but also was able to repress the replication of H1975 cells harboring EGFR^T790M mutation at a concentration of 0.118 μmol/L. In contrast to the lead compound rociletinib, 6e slightly reduces the key EGFRT790M-induced drug resistance. Significantly, inhibitor 6e demonstrates high selectivity (SI = 299.3) for T790M-containing EGFR mutants over wild type EGFR, hinting that it will cause less side effects.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Application of C4HCl2FN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. It is also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.

Song, Zhendong;Huang, Shanshan;Yu, Haiqing;Jiang, Yu;Wang, Changyuan;Meng, Qiang;Shu, Xiaohong;Sun, Hunjun;Liu, Kexin;Li, Yanxia;Ma, Xiaodong research published 《 Synthesis and biological evaluation of morpholine-substituted diphenylpyrimidine derivatives (Mor-DPPYs) as potent EGFR T790M inhibitors with improved activity toward the gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC)》, the research content is summarized as follows. Potential new EGFR^T790M inhibitors comprising of structurally modified diphenylpyrimidine derivatives bearing a morpholine functionality (Mor-DPPYs), e.g., I were synthesized and used to improve the activity and selectivity of gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. This led to the identification of inhibitor I, which displayed high activity against EGFR^T790M/L858R kinase (IC₅₀ = 0.71 nM) and repressed H1975 cell replication harboring EGFR^T790M mutations at a concentration of 0.037 μM. Inhibitor I demonstrated high selectivity (SI = 631.9) for T790M-containing EGFR mutants over wild type EGFR and suggested that it will cause few side effects. Moreover, this compound also shows promising antitumor efficacy in a murine EGFR^T790M/L858R-driven H1975 xenograft model without affecting body weight This study provides new potential lead compounds for further development of anti-NSCLC drugs.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Electric Literature of 65-86-1.

Souders, Christopher L. II;Sanchez, Christina L.;Malphurs, Wendi;Aristizabal-Henao, Juan J.;Bowden, John A.;Martyniuk, Christopher J. research published 《 Metabolic profiling in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cells exposed to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)》, the research content is summarized as follows. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an abundant per- and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) detected in both indoor and outdoor environments. While studies suggest exposure concerns for humans, studies investigating PFOA-induced neurotoxicity are lacking. To address this gap, we exposed differentiated human SH-SY5Y cells to PFOA (0.1μM up to 500μM) at different time points (4, 24, 48, and 72 h) and measured cell viability, Casp3/7 activity, ATP levels, ATP synthase enzyme activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxygen consumption rates for mitochondrial stress test (XFe24 Flux analyzer), glucose utilization, and global metabolome profiles to assess the potential for PFOA-induced neurotoxicity. Treatment with 10 or 100μM PFOA did not compromise cell viability nor induce cytotoxicity to SH-SY5Y cells over a 48-h exposure period. However, >250μM PFOA compromised cell viability, induced cytotoxicity, and induced caspase 3/7 activity at 48 h. ATP levels were reduced in cells treated with 400μM PFOA for 24 and 48 h, and with 100μM PFOA and higher at 72 h. ATP synthase activity was inhibited by 250μM PFOA but was unchanged by PFOA treatment at 200μM or less. Conversely, mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced by >10μM PFOA after 24 h. Total ROS was increased with 100μM PFOA and higher after 4 h of exposure. Several mitochondria-related endpoints (basal respiration, ATP production, maximum respiration) were neg. affected at 250μM PFOA at both 24- and 48-h exposure, but were unaltered at concentrations of 100μM PFOA or less. One exception was mitochondrial spare capacity, which was reduced by 100μM PFOA after 24-h exposure. Similarly, glycolysis, glycolytic capacity, and glycolytic reserve of SH-SY5Y cells were not altered by 10 nor 100μM PFOA. Nontargeted metabolomics was conducted in cells treated with either 10 or 100μM PFOA for 48 h, as these two concentrations were not cytotoxic and 28 metabolites differed among treatments. Notable was that 10μM PFOA had little effect on the SH-SY5Y metabolome, and the metabolic profile was not statistically different from media nor solvent controls. On the other hand, 100μM PFOA shifted the metabolic signature of the neuronal cells, leading to reduced abundance of ATP-related metabolites (adenine, nicotinamide), neurotransmitter precursors (DL-tryptophan, L-tyrosine), and metabolites that protect mitochondria during oxidative stress (betaine, orotic acid, and L-acetyl carnitine). We hypothesize that this metabolic signature may be associated with the reduced mitochondrial membrane potential observed at lower PFOA concentrations Metabolic shifts appear to precede compromised cell viability, cytotoxicity, and apoptosis. This study generates mechanistic knowledge regarding PFOA-induced neurotoxicity, focusing on mitochondrial oxidative respiration and the neuronal metabolome.

Electric Literature of 65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2.

Speckmeier, Elisabeth;Maier, Thomas C. research published 《 ART – An Amino Radical Transfer Strategy for C(sp²)-C(sp³) Coupling Reactions, Enabled by Dual Photo/Nickel Catalysis》, the research content is summarized as follows. Introducing the novel concept of amino radical transfer (ART) enabled the use of easily accessible and com. available alkyl boronic esters as cross coupling partners for aryl halides in dual photoredox/nickel catalysis mediated by visible light. Activation of otherwise photochem. innocent boronic esters by radicals generated from primary or secondary alkylamines gaves rise to an outstanding functional group tolerance in a mild, fast and air stable reaction. As shown in more than 50 examples including unprotected alcs., amines and carboxylic acids, ArR [Ar = 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-MeC(O)HNC₆H₄, 3-pyridyl, etc.; R = cyclohexyl, 1-tert-butoxycarbonyl-4-piperidyl, Bn, etc.] this reaction allowed to quickly build up relevant scaffolds for organic synthesis and medicinal chem. In comparison with existing methods for C(sp²)-C(sp³) couplings an extraordinary generality could be realized via the ART concept, employing a single set of optimized reaction conditions. Due to its selectivity, the transformation could also be used for late-stage functionalization, as demonstrated with three exemplary syntheses of drug mols. Furthermore, the successful one-to-one scalability of this reaction up to gram scale without the necessity of any further precautions or flow systems was demonstrated.

COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., 4595-59-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. It is also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Application of C5H4N2O4.

Staretz-Chacham, Orna;Daas, Suha;Ulanovsky, Igor;Blau, Ayala;Rostami, Nira;Saraf-Levy, Talya;Abu Salah, Nasser;Anikster, Yair;Banne, Ehud;Dar, Dalit;Dumin, Elena;Fattal-Valevski, Aviva;Falik-Zaccai, Tzipora;Hershkovitz, Eli;Josefsberg, Sagi;Khammash, Hatem;Keidar, Rimona;Korman, Stanley H.;Landau, Yuval;Lerman-Sagie, Tally;Mandel, Dror;Mandel, Hanna;Marom, Ronella;Morag, Iris;Nadir, Erez;Yosha-Orpaz, Naama;Pode-Shakked, Ben;Pras, Elon;Reznik-Wolf, Haike;Saada, Ann;Segel, Reeval;Shaag, Avraham;Shaul Lotan, Nava;Spiegel, Ronen;Tal, Galit;Vaisid, Taly;Zeharia, Avi;Almashanu, Shlomo research published 《 The role of orotic acid measurement in routine newborn screening for urea cycle disorders》, the research content is summarized as follows. Urea cycle disorders (UCDs), including OTC deficiency (OTCD), are life-threatening diseases with a broad clin. spectrum. Early diagnosis and initiation of treatment based on a newborn screening (NBS) test for OTCD with high specificity and sensitivity may contribute to reduction of the significant complications and high mortality. The efficacy of incorporating orotic acid determination into routine NBS was evaluated. Combined measurement of orotic acid and citrulline in archived dried blood spots from newborns with urea cycle disorders and normal controls was used to develop an algorithm for routine NBS for OTCD in Israel. Clin. information and genetic confirmation results were obtained from the follow-up care providers. About 1147986 newborns underwent routine NBS including orotic acid determination, 25 of whom were ultimately diagnosed with a UCD. Of 11 newborns with OTCD, orotate was elevated in seven but normal in two males with early-onset and two males with late-onset disease. Orotate was also elevated in archived dried blood spots of all seven retrospectively tested historical OTCD patients, only three of whom had originally been identified by NBS with low citrulline and elevated glutamine. Among the other UCDs emerge, three CPS1D cases and addnl. three retrospective CPS1D cases otherwise reported as a very rare condition. Combined levels of orotic acid and citrulline in routine NBS can enhance the detection of UCD, especially increasing the screening sensitivity for OTCD and differentiate it from CPS1D. Our data and the negligible extra cost for orotic acid determination might contribute to the discussion on screening for proximal UCDs in routine NBS.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Application of C5H4N2O4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.

Su, Yue;Li, Ridong;Ning, Xianling;Lin, Zhiqiang;Zhao, Xuyang;Zhou, Juntuo;Liu, Jia;Jin, Yan;Yin, Yuxin research published 《 Discovery of 2,4-diarylaminopyrimidine derivatives bearing dithiocarbamate moiety as novel FAK inhibitors with antitumor and anti-angiogenesis activities》, the research content is summarized as follows. A series of 2,4-diarylaminopyrimidine derivatives containing dithiocarbamate moiety were designed by mol. hybridization strategy and synthesized for screening as inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Most of these compounds exhibit significant antiproliferative activities on human cancer cell lines expressing high levels of FAK at nanomolar concentrations The compound I was identified as the most potent FAK inhibitor among these candidates. I has excellent anti-proliferative effect with IC₅₀ values from 0.001 μM to 0.06 μM on HCT116, PC-3, U87-MG and MCF-7 cell lines and relatively less cytotoxicity to a nonmalignant cell line MCF-10A compared with MCF-7 cells (SI value > 10). I also exhibits significant FAK inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 0.07 nM). In addition, compound I causes cell cycle arrest at G2/M and prompted apoptosis in both HCT116 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies show that compound I inhibits migration of MCF-7 and has anti-angiogenesis effect on HUVEC cells.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia