Tag: M.W=150-200

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). Recommanded Product: 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid.

Sunds, Anne Vuholm;Sundekilde, Ulrik Kraemer;Poulsen, Nina Aagaard;Larsen, Lotte Bach research published 《 Association between udder inflammation and glycosidase activities and free sugar levels in bovine milk》, the research content is summarized as follows. Two milk glycosidases [N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase (NAGase) and β-glucuronidase] have previously been associated with elevated somatic cell count (SCC). However, several other glycosidases are present in milk, potentially having effects on milk glycans. The activities of eight glycosidases (NAGase, α-fucosidase, α-galactosidase, β-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, β-glucosidase, α-neuraminidase, β-glucuronidase) were measured in milk samples from six cows with different SCC at quarter level. Glycosidase activities were related to levels of free sugars as assessed by NMR spectroscopy. NAGase, β-glucuronidase, β-glucosidase, α-galactosidase and β-galactosidase were the enzymes to increase most with SCC. Furthermore, free fucose level was pos. correlated with SCC (r = 0.72, P < 0.0001). The same tendency was observed for sialic acid, whereas galactose and N-acetyl-hexosamine were found to increase consistently in quarters of mastitic cows regardless of SCC. This indicates different potential origins of responsible enzymes and further illustrates the potential effects of milk glycosidases on the inherent glycans present in milk.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Recommanded Product: 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. SDS of cas: 65-86-1.

Suzuki, Kosuke;Nakamura, Kiminori;Shimizu, Yu;Yokoi, Yuki;Ohira, Shuya;Hagiwara, Mizu;Wang, Yi;Song, Yuchi;Aizawa, Tomoyasu;Ayabe, Tokiyoshi research published 《 Decrease of α-defensin impairs intestinal metabolite homeostasis via dysbiosis in mouse chronic social defeat stress model》, the research content is summarized as follows. Psychol. stress has been reported to relate to dysbiosis, imbalance of the intestinal microbiota composition, and contribute to the onset and exacerbation of depression, though, underlying mechanisms of psychol. stress-related dysbiosis have been unknown. It has been previously established that α-defensins, which are effector peptides of innate enteric immunity produced by Paneth cells in the small intestine, play an important role in regulation of the intestinal microbiota. However, the relationship between disruption of intestinal ecosystem and α-defensin under psychol. stress is yet to be determined Here we show using chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a mouse depression model that (1) the exposure to CSDS signifcantly reduces α-defensin secretion by Paneth cells and (2) induces dysbiosis and signifcant composition changes in the intestinal metabolites. Furthermore, (3) they are recovered by administration of α-defensin. These results indicate that α-defensin plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of the intestinal ecosystem under psychol. stress, providing novel insights into the onset mechanism of stress-induced depression, and may further contribute to discovery of treatment targets for depression.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., SDS of cas: 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Safety of 5-Bromopyrimidine.

Swan, Charlie;Maggi, Lorenzo;Park, Mahri;Taylor, Sophie;Shepherd, William;Ball, Liam T. research published 《 Generation of Thiyl Radicals from Air-Stable, Odorless Thiophenol Surrogates: Application to Visible-Light-Promoted C-S Cross-Coupling》, the research content is summarized as follows. The synthetic versatility of thiophenols is offset by their air-sensitivity and foul odor. It is demonstrated that S-aryl isothiouronium salts can be used as precursors to thiyl radicals, extending the practical benefits of these air-stable, odorless salts from ionic to single electron manifolds. The isothiouronium salts are accessed via Ni-catalyzed cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl iodides and thiourea and are isolated as free-flowing solids following anion exchange. Judicious choice of a redox-innocent counteranion enables use of these convenient thiophenol surrogates in radical processes, as is exemplified by the synthesis of non-sym. diaryl thioethers via light-promoted S-arylation.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Safety of 5-Bromopyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Category: pyrimidines.

Swietalski, Paul;Hetzel, Frank;Klaiber, Iris;Pross, Eva;Seitl, Ines;Fischer, Lutz research published 《 Orotic acid production by Yarrowia lipolytica under conditions of limited pyrimidine》, the research content is summarized as follows. Orotic acid (OA) is an intermediate of the pyrimidine biosynthesis with high industrial relevance due to its use as precursor for production of biochem. pyrimidines or its use as carrier mol. in drug formulations. It can be produced by fermentation of microorganisms with engineered pyrimidine metabolism In this study, we surprisingly discovered the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as a powerful producer of OA. The overproduction of OA in the Y. lipolytica strain PO1f was found to be caused by the deletion of the URA3 gene which prevents the irreversible decarboxylation of OA to uridine monophosphate. It was shown that the lack of orotidine-5′-phosphate decarboxylase was the reason for the accumulation of OA inside the cell since a rescue mutant of the URA3 deletion in Y. lipolytica PO1f completely prevented the OA secretion into the medium. In addition, pyrimidine limitation in the cell massively enhanced the OA accumulation followed by secretion due to intense overflow metabolism during bioreactor cultivations. Accordingly, supplementation of the medium with 200 mg/L uracil drastically decreased the OA overproduction by 91%. OA productivity was further enhanced in fed-batch cultivation with glucose and ammonium sulfate feed to a maximal yield of 9.62 ± 0.21 g/L. Y. lipolytica is one of three OA overproducing yeasts described in the literature so far, and in this study, the highest productivity was shown. This work demonstrates the potential of Y. lipolytica as a possible production organism for OA and provides a basis for further metabolic pathway engineering to optimize OA productivity.

Category: pyrimidines, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Safety of 5-Bromopyrimidine.

Szpera, Robert;Isenegger, Patrick G.;Ghosez, Maxime;Straathof, Natan J. W.;Cookson, Rosa;Blakemore, David C.;Richardson, Paul;Gouverneur, Veronique research published 《 Synthesis of Fluorinated Alkyl Aryl Ethers by Palladium-Catalyzed C-O Cross-Coupling》, the research content is summarized as follows. Herein, we report a highly effective protocol for the cross-coupling of (hetero)aryl bromides with fluorinated alcs. using the com. available precatalyst ^tBuBrettPhos Pd G3 and Cs₂CO₃ in toluene. This Pd-catalyzed coupling features a short reaction time, excellent functional group tolerance, and compatibility with electron-rich and -poor (hetero)arenes. The method provides access to ¹⁸F-labeled trifluoroethyl ethers by cross-coupling with [¹⁸F]trifluoroethanol. Safety: 2-fluoroethanol is highly toxic.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Safety of 5-Bromopyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.

Tamizharasan, Natarajan;Gajendran, Chandru;Kristam, Rajendra;Sulochana, Suresh P.;Sivanandhan, Dhanalakshmi;Mullangi, Ramesh;Mathivathanan, Logesh;Hallur, Gurulingappa;Suresh, Palaniswamy research published 《 Discovery and optimization of novel phenyldiazepine and pyridodiazepine based Aurora kinase inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. The synthesis and evaluation of phenyl/pyridine diazepine analogs I [R¹ = piperazin-1-yl, morpholino, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, 4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl], II [R² = 1-methylpyrazol-3-yl, 4-carboxyphenyl, 4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)phenyl, etc.] and III [R³ = 1-methylpyrazol-3-yl, 4-sulfamoylphenyl, 4-morpholinophenyl, etc.] was described. The diazepane aniline pyrimidine I [R¹ = 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl] was identified as an initial hit (Aurora B IC₅₀ 6.9μM). Mol. modeling guided SAR optimization lead to the identification of 8-fluorobenzodiazepine III [R³ = 4-sulfamoylphenyl] with single digit nM potency (Aurora B IC₅₀ 8 nM). In the antiproliferation assay compound III [R³ = 4-sulfamoylphenyl] showed activity across the cell lines with IC₅₀ of 0.57, 0.42, and 0.69μM for MCF-7, MDA-MB 231 and SkoV3 resp. In the in-vivo PK profile. compound III [R³ = 4-sulfamoylphenyl] was showed higher bioavailability (73%) along with good exposure (AUC of 1360 ng.h/mL).

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Name: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Application of C4HCl2FN2.

Tan, Li;Akahane, Koshi;McNally, Randall;Reyskens, Kathleen M. S. E.;Ficarro, Scott B.;Liu, Suhu;Herter-Sprie, Grit S.;Koyama, Shohei;Pattison, Michael J.;Labella, Katherine;Johannessen, Liv;Akbay, Esra A.;Wong, Kwok-Kin;Frank, David A.;Marto, Jarrod A.;Look, Thomas A.;Arthur, J. Simon C.;Eck, Michael J.;Gray, Nathanael S. research published 《 Development of Selective Covalent Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. The Janus kinases (JAKs) and their downstream effectors, signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins (STATs), form a critical immune cell signaling circuit, which is of fundamental importance in innate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis, and dysregulation is frequently observed in immune disease and cancer. The high degree of structural conservation of the JAK ATP binding pockets has posed a considerable challenge to medicinal chemists seeking to develop highly selective inhibitors as pharmacol. probes and as clin. drugs. Here we report the discovery and optimization of 2,4-substituted pyrimidines as covalent JAK3 inhibitors that exploit a unique cysteine (Cys909) residue in JAK3. Investigation of structure-activity relationship (SAR) utilizing biochem. and transformed Ba/F3 cellular assays resulted in identification of potent and selective inhibitors such as compounds 9 and 45. A 2.9 Å cocrystal structure of JAK3 in complex with 9 confirms the covalent interaction. Compound 9 exhibited decent pharmacokinetic properties and is suitable for use in vivo. These inhibitors provide a set of useful tools to pharmacol. interrogate JAK3-dependent biol.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Application of C4HCl2FN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. COA of Formula: C4HCl2FN2.

Tang, Zhaocheng;Li, Jia;Lin, Fulin;Bao, Wenhao;Zhang, Shiwei;Guo, Baodang;Huang, Shuping;Zhang, Yan;Rao, Yijian research published 《 Cercosporin-bioinspired photoreductive activation of aryl halides under mild conditions》, the research content is summarized as follows. Bioinspired by the naturally-occurring cercosporin-driven infection process of plant pathogenic fungi Cercospora sp., here we took advantage of the photophys. properties of cercosporin, and used it as a metal-free photocatalyst to develop an unprecedented cercosporin-driven photocatalysis under mild conditions. Furthermore, the forming conditions and excited-state dynamics of radical anions of cercosporin have been systematically investigated. In particular, transient femtosecond absorption spectroscopy was employed to unveil the excited-state dynamics of cercosporin, a key step that dictates its function in photocatalysis. We showed that cercosporin was able to be sufficiently activated through a two-step excitation, ultimately boosting its photocatalytic activity for the reductive activation of substrates with very low reactivity. Since large quantities of cercosporin can be easily produced through microbial fermentation like other com. available perylenequinonoid pigments, such as hypocrellin A and hypocrellin B, we expect that all advantages of these naturally-occurring perylenequinonoid pigments as green photocatalysts can be further explored to a wide range of synthetic transformations.

COA of Formula: C4HCl2FN2, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Application of C4H3BrN2.

Thakore, Ruchita R.;Takale, Balaram S.;Hu, Yuting;Ramer, Selene;Kostal, Jakub;Gallou, Fabrice;Lipshutz, Bruce H. research published 《 “TPG-lite”: A new, simplified “designer” surfactant for general use in synthesis under micellar catalysis conditions in recyclable water》, the research content is summarized as follows. Using the oxidized, carboxylic acid-containing form of MPEG-750, esterification with racemic vitamin E affords a new surfactant (TPG-lite) that functions as an enabling, nanoreactor-forming amphiphile for use in many types of important reactions in synthesis. The presence of a single ester bond is suggestive of simplified treatment as a component of (eventual) reaction waste water, after recycling. Many types of reactions, including aminations, Suzuki-Miyaura, S_NAr, and several others are compared directly with TPGS-750-M, leading to the conclusion that TPG-lite can function as an equivalent nanomicelle-forming surfactant in water. Prima facie evidence amassed via DLS and cryo-TEM analyses support these exptl. observations. In silico evaluations of the aquatic toxicity and carcinogenicity of TPG-lite indicate that it is safe to use.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Application of C4H3BrN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. SDS of cas: 65-86-1.

Solmonson, Ashley;Faubert, Brandon;Gu, Wen;Rao, Aparna;Cowdin, Mitzy A.;Menendez-Montes, Ivan;Kelekar, Sherwin;Rogers, Thomas J.;Pan, Chunxiao;Guevara, Gerardo;Tarangelo, Amy;Zacharias, Lauren G.;Martin-Sandoval, Misty S.;Do, Duyen;Pachnis, Panayotis;Dumesnil, Dennis;Mathews, Thomas P.;Tasdogan, Alpaslan;Pham, An;Cai, Ling;Zhao, Zhiyu;Ni, Min;Cleaver, Ondine;Sadek, Hesham A.;Morrison, Sean J.;DeBerardinis, Ralph J. research published 《 Compartmentalized metabolism supports midgestation mammalian development》, the research content is summarized as follows. Mammalian embryogenesis requires rapid growth and proper metabolic regulation. Midgestation features increasing oxygen and nutrient availability concomitant with fetal organ development. Understanding how metabolism supports development requires approaches to observe metabolism directly in model organisms in utero. Here we used isotope tracing and metabolomics to identify evolving metabolic programs in the placenta and embryo during midgestation in mice. These tissues differ metabolically throughout midgestation, but we pinpointed gestational days (GD) 10.5-11.5 as a transition period for both placenta and embryo. Isotope tracing revealed differences in carbohydrate metabolism between the tissues and rapid glucose-dependent purine synthesis, especially in the embryo. Glucoses contribution to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle rises throughout midgestation in the embryo but not in the placenta. By GD12.5, compartmentalized metabolic programs are apparent within the embryo, including different nutrient contributions to the TCA cycle in different organs. To contextualize developmental anomalies associated with Mendelian metabolic defects, we analyzed mice deficient in LIPT1, the enzyme that activates 2-ketoacid dehydrogenases related to the TCA cycle. LIPT1 deficiency suppresses TCA cycle metabolism during the GD10.5-GD11.5 transition, perturbs brain, heart and erythrocyte development and leads to embryonic demise by GD11.5. These data document individualized metabolic programs in developing organs in utero.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., SDS of cas: 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia