Tag: M.W=150-200

The nomenclature of pyrimidines is straightforward. However, like other heterocyclics, tautomeric hydroxyl groups yield complications since they exist primarily in the cyclic amide form. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. For example, 2-hydroxypyrimidine is more properly named 2-pyrimidone. A partial list of trivial names of various pyrimidines exists. Electric Literature of 2927-71-1.

Zhang, Jing;Kolluri, Rao;Alvarez, Salvador G.;Irving, Mark M.;Singh, Rajinder;Duncton, Matthew A. J. research published 《 Enantioselective synthesis of an octahydroindolizine (indolizidine) alcohol using an enzymatic resolution》, the research content is summarized as follows. A homo-chiral synthesis of (7R,8aS)-octahydro-5,5-dimethylindolizin-7-amine 8 and (7S, 8aS)-octahydro-5,5-dimethylindolizin-7-ol 9, amine building blocks which have found applications within the pharmaceutical industry, is presented. The approach uses a Novozym 435-mediated kinetic resolution of racemic octahydroindolizine (indolizidine) alc. 13 as a key step (up to 100 g scale).

Electric Literature of 2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Synthetic Route of 65-86-1.

Zhang, Kaihui;Yao, Yufeng;Wang, Meiqi;Liu, Fangle;Wang, Qian;Ma, Huanhuan;Xie, Yuanyuan;Ma, Yunxia;Dai, Pengyu;Zhu, Chenchen;Lin, Chaozhan research published 《 A UPLC-MS/MS-based metabolomics analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of rabdosia serra against cholestasis》, the research content is summarized as follows. Rabdosia Serra, the dried aerial parts of Rabdosia serra (Maxim.) Hara (RS) from the Labiatae family, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine called Xihuangcao. Although RS has been found to exert a therapeutic effect on cholestasis, the underlying mol. mechanism remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the pharmacol. effect and mechanism of RS on cholestatic rats using metabolomics platform. Histopathol. and biochem. evaluations were performed to determine the therapeutic effect of RS and developed a rapid metabolite detection technol. method based on UPLC-MS/MS to perform metabolomics research. Further, quant. real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to study the effect of RS on the bile acid metabolism pathway at the transcriptional level. RS significantly reduced the bile flow rates in cholestatic rats and decreased the levels of ALT, AST, TBA, T-BIL, and LDH, which were increased in the model group. Histol. anal. showed that RS alleviated the liver injury induced by ANIT. Serum metabolomics results revealed 33 of the 37 biomarkers were found to be significantly altered by ANIT, and 26 were considerably changed following treatment with RS. Metabolic pathway anal. revealed four pathways such as primary bile acid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and arachidonic acid and tryptophan metabolism The bile acid secretion process and the inflammation and oxidative stress processes are the major biochem. reactions following treatment with ANIT and RS. Bile acid-targeted metabolomics study showed that TCA, GCA, GCDCA, and GDCA might be sensitive biomarkers that induced liver injury. we found that treatment with RS regulated the levels of bile acid in the serum and liver and restored the proportion of bile acids, especially CA and conjugated bile acids, such as TCA and GCA, in the bile duct. RS increased the mRNA expression levels of FXR, SHP, BSEP, and MRP2 in livers, and IBABP, OST-α, and OST-β in the ileum. In this study, RS was found to protect the liver by regulating multiple metabolic pathways and promoting the excretion of bile acids. Simultaneously, RS played an essential role in reversing the imbalance of bile acids and protected against cholestasis by regulating the expression of transporters associated with bile acids. We demonstrated the correlation between mol. mechanisms and metabolites, provide a reference for the fabrication of extracts that can be used to treat cholestasis.

Synthetic Route of 65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Quality Control of 2927-71-1.

Zhang, Peilong;Dong, Jiaqiang;Zhong, Boyu;Zhang, Deyi;Yuan, Hongbin;Jin, Can;Xu, Xiangyuan;Li, Hailong;Zhou, Yong;Liang, Zhi;Ji, Minghua;Xu, Tao;Song, Guowei;Zhang, Ling;Chen, Gang;Meng, Xuejing;Sun, Desheng;Shih, Joe;Zhang, Ruihao;Hou, Guojun;Wang, Chengcheng;Jin, Ying;Yang, Qiong research published 《 Design and synthesis of novel 3-sulfonylpyrazol-4-amino pyrimidines as potent anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors》, the research content is summarized as follows. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) is a highly attractive therapeutic target for the treatment of some non-small cell lung cancer patients. This Letter describes the further SAR exploration on the novel 3-sulfonylpyrazol-4-amino pyrimidine scaffold. This work identified a compound I with very good in vitro/in vivo efficacies, good DMPK properties together with better hERG tolerability and it is currently being profiled for the evaluation as a potential pre-clin. candidate.

2927-71-1, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., Quality Control of 2927-71-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. It is also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Product Details of C5H4N2O4.

Zhang, Qinghao;Jiang, Bo;Nelson, Luke;Huhn, Steven;Du, Zhimei;Chasin, Lawrence A. research published 《 A multiauxotrophic CHO cell line for the rapid isolation of producers of diverse or high levels of recombinant proteins》, the research content is summarized as follows. Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells are widely used for the high-level production of recombinant proteins. We created a multiauxotrophic mutant of CHO-K1 cells, CHO8A, that is deficient in eight enzymic steps in the purine/pyrimidine biosynthetic pathways. Prototrophy was restored by transfections with complementary DNA-based genes for the eight missing activities. CHO8A cells permit: (1) selection of transfectant clones that have incorporated genes for eight or more different polypeptides, suitable for engineering complex proteins, or pathways; and (2) the single-step selection of high producers of a particular protein. The latter is achieved by simultaneous use of eight vectors, each bearing one of the eight rescue genes and a cargo protein gene. Screening as few as 10 surviving colonies yielded high producers secreting mAbs at 84 pg per cell per day or more. CHO8A was isolated by CRISPR-Cas9 knockout of 10 genes in the pathways to pyrimidines (Dhodh, Umps, Ctps1, Ctps2, and Tyms) and purines (Paics, Atic, Impdh1, Impdh2, and Gmps).

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Product Details of C5H4N2O4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is a nitrogenous base similar to benzene (a six-membered ring) and includes cytosine, thymine, and uracil as bases used for DNA or RNA. 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Reference of 65-86-1.

Zhang, Wei;Guo, Xiaoli;Ren, Jing;Chen, Yujiao;Wang, Jingyu;Gao, Ai research published 《 Glycine/glycine N-methyltransferase/sarcosine axis mediates benzene-induced hematotoxicity》, the research content is summarized as follows. Benzene, an important and widely used industrial chem., is the cause of different types of blood disorders. However, the mechanisms of benzene-induced hematotoxicity are still unclear. This study aimed to explore the effects of benzene on metabolism, especially in amino acid metabolism, in human peripheral blood B lymphocyte cells (AHH-1 cells) treated with 1,4-benzoquinone (1,4-BQ) and in benzene-exposed population based on the un-targeted and targeted metabolomics platforms. The results showed that 1,4-BQ disturbed the metabolic activity, such as arginine biosynthesis, citrate cycle, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways, and significantly upregulated the ratio of sarcosine/glycine in vitro. Meanwhile, the targeted metabolomics further showed that the ratio of sarcosine/glycine was also increased in the benzene exposure population. Notably, the expression of glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT), an enzyme catalyzing the transformation of glycine to sarcosine, was upregulated both in 1,4-BQ treated AHH-1 cells and benzene-exposed workers. These results imply that the glycine/GNMT/sarcosine axis was involved in benzene-induced hematotoxicity. Such evidence will help to develop a better understanding of the underlying mechanism of benzene-induced hematotoxicity at the level of amino acid metabolism

Reference of 65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Synthetic Route of 65-86-1.

Zhang, Xin;Zheng, Yuanrong;Zhou, Ran;Ma, Ming research published 《 Comprehensive identification of molecular profiles related to sensory and nutritional changes in Mongolian cheese during storage by untargeted metabolomics coupled with quantification of free amino acids》, the research content is summarized as follows. Non-targeted metabolomics was used to study metabolites with low mol. weight which may contribute to quality deterioration of Mongolian cheese during storage. Microbiol. anal., pH, FAAs (free amino acids), volatile compounds, and sensory evaluation of the cheese during storage were also studied. A total of 278 metabolites were identified in Mongolian cheese, of which 51 metabolites were used as differential metabolites, including amino acids, peptides, organic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. Bitter amino acids, bitter peptide (Phe-Ile), and organic acids (sinapic acid, butyric acid) increased during storage. Metabolic pathway anal. showed that differential metabolites were mainly related to amino acid metabolism, such as β-alanine metabolism and glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism Moreover, accompanied with the increased contents of short-chain fatty acids, 2-undecanone and Et esters, strength of odor and unpleasant smell increased but overall acceptability decreased during Mongolian cheese storage. This research provides suitable strategies for quality control of Mongolian cheese during shelf life.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Synthetic Route of 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Synthetic Route of 4595-59-9.

Zhang, Xuan;Nottingham, Kyle G.;Patel, Chirag;Alegre-Requena, Juan V.;Levy, Jeffrey N.;Paton, Robert S.;McNally, Andrew research published 《 Phosphorus-mediated sp²-sp³ couplings for C-H fluoroalkylation of azines》, the research content is summarized as follows. Fluoroalkyl groups profoundly affect the phys. properties of pharmaceuticals and influence almost all metrics associated with their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile. Drug candidates increasingly contain trifluoromethyl (CF₃) and difluoromethyl (CF₂H) groups, and the same trend in agrochem. development shows that the effect of fluoroalkylation translates across human, insect and plant life. New fluoroalkylation reactions have undoubtedly stimulated this shift; however, methods that directly convert C-H bonds into C-CF₂X groups (where X is F or H) in complex drug-like mols. are rare. Pyridines are the most common aromatic heterocycles in pharmaceuticals, but only one approach – via fluoroalkyl radicals – is viable for achieving pyridyl C-H fluoroalkylation in the elaborate structures encountered during drug development. Here we develop a set of bench-stable fluoroalkylphosphines that directly convert the C-H bonds in pyridine building blocks, drug-like fragments and pharmaceuticals into fluoroalkyl derivatives No preinstalled functional groups or directing groups are required. The reaction tolerates a variety of sterically and electronically distinct pyridines, and is exclusively selective for the 4-position in most cases. The reaction proceeds through initial formation of phosphonium salts followed by sp²-sp³ coupling of phosphorus ligands – an underdeveloped manifold for forming C-C bonds. Thus, e.g., treatment of 2-phenylpyridine with (fluoroalkyl)phosphine I, Tf₂O and DBU afforded intermediate phosphonium salt (not isolated) which, upon treatment with TfOH, MeOH and water afforded II (89%).

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., Synthetic Route of 4595-59-9

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. 4595-59-9, formula is C4H3BrN2, Name is 5-Bromopyrimidine. In nucleic acids, three types of nucleobases are pyrimidine derivatives: cytosine (C), thymine (T), and uracil (U). COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2.

Zhang, Yuan;Lee, Jack Chang Hung;Reese, Matthew R.;Boscoe, Brian P.;Humphrey, John M.;Helal, Christopher J. research published 《 5-Aryltetrazoles from Direct C-H Arylation with Aryl Bromides》, the research content is summarized as follows. A mild, direct C-H arylation of 1-substituted tetrazoles to 5-aryltetrazoles is developed using a Pd/Cu cocatalytic system with readily available aryl bromides. The methodol. avoids late-stage usage of azides and tolerates a wide range of functionalities.

4595-59-9, 5-Bromopyrimidine is a reactive intermediate that is used in the synthesis of 4-methoxyphenylboronic acid. 5-Bromopyrimidine has been shown to be nucleophilic, reacting with β-amino acids under basic conditions to form the corresponding 2-bromo amide. It also undergoes cross-coupling reactions with halides and can be used as a building block for other organic compounds. 5-Bromopyrimidine has optical properties that are characteristic of aromatic molecules, including strong absorption bands in the ultraviolet region and visible light region.
5-Bromopyrimidine undergoes direct metallation with lithuium diisopropylamide to yield 4-lithio-5-bromopyrimidine., COA of Formula: C4H3BrN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 2927-71-1, formula is C4HCl2FN2, Name is 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine.

Yang, Tao;Hu, Mengshi;Qi, Wenyan;Yang, Zhuang;Tang, Minghai;He, Jun;Chen, Yong;Bai, Peng;Yuan, Xue;Zhang, Chufeng;Liu, Kongjun;Lu, Yulin;Xiang, Mingli;Chen, Lijuan research published 《 Discovery of Potent and Orally Effective Dual Janus Kinase 2/FLT3 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms》, the research content is summarized as follows. Herein, the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationships of a series of unique 4-(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-pyrimidin-2-amine derivatives that selectively inhibit Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and FLT3 kinases is described. These screening cascades revealed that I was a preferred compound with IC₅₀ values of 0.7 and 4 nM for JAK2 and FLT3, resp. Moreover, I was a potent JAK2 inhibitor with 37-fold and 56-fold selectivity over JAK1 and JAK3, resp., and possessed an excellent selectivity profile over the other 100 representative kinases. In a series of cytokine-stimulated cell-based assays, I exhibited a higher JAK2 selectivity over other JAK isoforms. The oral administration of 60 mg/kg of I could significantly inhibit tumor growth, with a tumor growth inhibition rate of 93 and 85% in MV4-11 and SET-2 xenograft models, resp. Addnl., I showed an excellent bioavailability (F = 58%), a suitable half-life time (T_1/2 = 4.1 h), a satisfactory metabolic stability, and a weak CYP3A4 inhibitory activity, suggesting that I might be a potential drug candidate for JAK2-driven myeloproliferative neoplasms and FLT3-internal tandem duplication-driven acute myelogenous leukemia.

Recommanded Product: 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is a useful research compound. Its molecular formula is C4HCl2FN2 and its molecular weight is 166.97 g/mol. The purity is usually 95%.
2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine is an aromatic hydrocarbon that has been shown to inhibit the growth of mouse tumor cells in vitro. It also inhibits the production of amines by reacting with industrial chemicals and sodium carbonate. This compound has potent inhibitory activity against autoimmune diseases and cytotoxic potency on mcf-7 cells. Furthermore, 2,4-Dichloro-5-fluoropyrimidine has been shown to have a chlorinating effect on cancer cells., 2927-71-1.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Quality Control of 65-86-1.

Yang, Xue;Mao, Zhitao;Zhao, Xin;Wang, Ruoyu;Zhang, Peiji;Cai, Jingyi;Xue, Chaoyou;Ma, Hongwu research published 《 Integrating thermodynamic and enzymatic constraints into genome-scale metabolic models》, the research content is summarized as follows. Stoichiometric genome-scale metabolic network models (GEMs) have been widely used to predict metabolic phenotypes. In addition to stoichiometric ratios, other constraints such as enzyme availability and thermodn. feasibility can also limit the phenotype solution space. Extended GEM models considering either enzymic or thermodn. constraints have been shown to improve prediction accuracy. In this paper, we propose a novel method that integrates both enzymic and thermodn. constraints in a single Pyomo modeling framework (ETGEMs). We applied this method to construct the EcoETM (E. coli metabolic model with enzymic and thermodn. constraints). Using this model, we calculated the optimal pathways for cellular growth and the production of 22 metabolites. When comparing the results with those of iML1515 and models with one of the two constraints, we observed that many thermodynamically unfavorable and/or high enzyme cost pathways were excluded from EcoETM. For example, the synthesis pathway of carbamoyl-phosphate (Cbp) from iML1515 is both thermodynamically unfavorable and enzymically costly. After introducing the new constraints, the production pathways and yields of several Cbp-derived products (e.g. L-arginine, orotate) calculated using EcoETM were more realistic. The results of this study demonstrate the great application potential of metabolic models with multiple constraints for pathway anal. and phenotype prediction.

65-86-1, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., Quality Control of 65-86-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia