Tag: M.W:100-200

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Synthetic and natural phellandrene.》. Authors are Kondakow, J.; Schindelmeiser, J..The article about the compound:5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloridecas:148-51-6,SMILESS:OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl).Recommanded Product: 148-51-6. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:148-51-6) is conveyed.

[Machine Translation of Descriptors]. Carvomenthene, from carvomenthylchloride represented, became after REYCHLER into tertiary carvomenthol and over with 12 mm and 83.5-84.5° boiling. Chloride, D204; 0.932, into tertiary carvomenthene, C10H18, transferred. Boiling point 174-176°; D204; 0.811; nD = 1.45709, molecular refraction 46.23. Dibromide, under strong cooling in petroleum-ether prepared, Kp11; 130-144°. D204; 1.208, optical-inactively, separates no HBr, however alcoholic KOH supplies a hydrocarbon, from the main quantity with 175-180° with boiling D204; 0.825, nD = 1.46693, the smaller part with 180-185°. D204; 0.828, nD = 1.4673; molecular refraction 45.56. Both optical-inactive fractions color intensively raspberry red in a solution of acetic anhydride by H2SO4 and are undoubtedly different from the output hydrocarbon. Under consideration of the formation of the new hydrocarbon from carvomenthol author writes it from SEMMLER, (Ber. German Chem. Society 36. 1779; C. 1903. II. 116) for the phellandrene determined constitution without being able to prove the identity. Phellandrene from phellandrum aquaticum, boiling point 165-168°, D204; 0.844, nD = 1.47575, [α] D20 = 8° 37′. Molecular refraction a mixture of monochloride and dichloride gives 45.28, which probably contains an optical-inactive isomer, with HCl in glacial acetic acid. Monochloride, C10H17Cl, Kp11; 86°, melting point about 110° in the melted out tube, optically dextrorotatory. Dichloride, C10H18Cl2, Kp16; 122.5-125°, D204, 1.006, nD20 = 1.48516.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Heterocyclic compounds can be divided into two categories: alicyclic heterocycles and aromatic heterocycles. Compounds whose heterocycles in the molecular skeleton cannot reflect aromaticity are called alicyclic heterocyclic compounds. Compound: 148-51-6, is researched, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, about Preconvulsive changes in brain glucose metabolism following drugs inhibiting glutamate decarboxylase, the main research direction is convulsant brain glucose glycogen; allylglycine brain glucose glycogen; deoxypyridoxine brain glucose glycogen; methionine sulfoximine brain glucose; isoniazid brain glucose glycogen; temperature brain glucose convulsant.Formula: C8H12ClNO2.

DL-C-allylglycine (I) [7685-44-1], 4-deoxypyridoxine-HCl (II) [148-51-6], and DL-methionine-D-sulfoximine (III) (180, 250, and 300 mg/kg resp., i.p.) each induced preconvulsive increases in the brain glucose [50-99-7] concentration of mice at room temperature; II and III also increased brain glycogen [9005-79-2] concentrations in room-temperature mice, but only II did so in mice maintained at 33-4°. Only with I was the increase in brain glucose concentration associated with an increase in blood glucose concentration I, II, III, or isoniazid [54-85-3] (150 mg/kg) reduced rectal temperature in mice at room temperature but not those at 33-4°. Isoniazid reduced brain glucose and glycogen concentrations in mice at 33-4°, but did not affect mice at room temperature The relation between the effects of these drugs on brain carbohydrates and amino acid metabolism is discussed.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Product Details of 18436-73-2. The fused heterocycle is formed by combining a benzene ring with a single heterocycle, or two or more single heterocycles. Compound: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline, is researched, Molecular C10H8ClN, CAS is 18436-73-2, about Synthesis and in-vitro evaluation of new benzenesulfonamides as antileishmanial agents. Author is Borges, Julio C.; Carvalho, Adriana V.; Bernardino, Alice M. R.; Oliveira, Cesar D.; Pinheiro, Luiz C. S.; Marra, Roberta K. F.; Castro, Helena C.; Wardell, Solange M. S. V.; Wardell, James L.; Amaral, Veronica F.; Canto-Cavalheiro, Marilene M.; Leon, Leonor L.; Genestra, Marcelo.

The synthesis and the antileishmanial activity of sulfonamides I (R1 = H, Me, Cl, Br; R2 = H, Me; R3 = H, Me) was reported. In particular, compound I (R1 = H, R2 = Me, R3 = H) showed significant in-vitro activity against Leishmania amazonensis. Compounds I also were found to not show any toxicity to murine macrophage up to a concentration of 320μgL-1.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Birkinshaw, Timothy N.; Teague, Simon J.; Beech, Claire; Bonnert, Roger V.; Hill, Stephen; Patel, Anil; Reakes, Sara; Sanganee, Hitesh; Dougall, Iain G.; Phillips, Tim T.; Salter, Sylvia; Schmidt, Jerzy; Arrowsmith, Elizabeth C.; Carrillo, Juan J.; Bell, Fiona M.; Paine, Stuart W.; Weaver, Richard researched the compound: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline( cas:18436-73-2 ).Application of 18436-73-2.They published the article 《Discovery of potent CRTh2 (DP2) receptor antagonists》 about this compound( cas:18436-73-2 ) in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. Keywords: CRTh2 receptor antagonist discovery preparation antiinflammatory structure. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:18436-73-2).

Starting with the weak agonist indomethacin, a series of potent, selective CRTh2(DP2) antagonists have been discovered as potential treatments for asthma, allergic rhinitis and other inflammatory diseases.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Name: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline. The reaction of aromatic heterocyclic molecules with protons is called protonation. Aromatic heterocycles are more basic than benzene due to the participation of heteroatoms. Compound: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline, is researched, Molecular C10H8ClN, CAS is 18436-73-2, about Nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution. XXVII. Piperidino dechlorination and methoxy dechlorination of 6- and 8-alkyl-4-chloroquinolines. Steric hindrance to specific solvation. Author is Calligaris, Mario; Illuminati, Gabriello; Marino, Gianlorenzo.

Kinetic data for the reaction of 6- and 8-alkyl-substituted 4-chloroquinolines with piperidine in four different solvents and with NaOMe in MeOH were obtained and compared. The tert-butyl group located at the position peri to the aza group is found to cause rate-depressing effects and significant increases in the energy and entropy of activation when the solvent is hydroxylic (methanol) whereas only minor changes are observed in aprotic or poor proton-donor solvents (toluene, HCONMe2, and piperidine). The results are interpreted in terms of steric inhibition of specific solvation (H bonding). 15 references.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 148-51-6, is researched, SMILESS is OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl, Molecular C8H12ClNO2Journal, Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Journal of Proteome Research called Untargeted Metabolomics Identifies Enterobiome Metabolites and Putative Uremic Toxins as Substrates of Organic Anion Transporter 1 (Oat1), Author is Wikoff, William R.; Nagle, Megha A.; Kouznetsova, Valentina L.; Tsigelny, Igor F.; Nigam, Sanjay K., the main research direction is enterobiome metabolite uremic toxin transporter OAT1 substrate metabolomics.Category: pyrimidines.

Untargeted metabolomics on the plasma and urine from wild-type and organic anion transporter-1 (Oat1/Slc22a6) knockout mice identified a number of physiol. important metabolites, including several not previously linked to Oat1-mediated transport. Several, such as indoxyl sulfate, derive from Phase II metabolism of enteric gut precursors and accumulate in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Other compounds included vitamins (pantothenic acid, 4-pyridoxic acid), urate, and metabolites in the tryptophan and nucleoside pathways. Three metabolites, indoxyl sulfate, kynurenine, and xanthurenic acid, were elevated in the plasma and interacted strongly and directly with Oat1 in vitro with IC50 of 18, 12, and 50 μM, resp. A pharmacophore model based on several identified Oat1 substrates was used to screen the NCI database and candidate compounds interacting with Oat1 were validated in an in vitro assay. Together, the data suggest a complex, previously unidentified remote communication between the gut microbiome, Phase II metabolism in the liver, and elimination via Oats of the kidney, as well as indicating the importance of Oat1 in the handling of endogenous toxins associated with renal failure and uremia. The possibility that some of the compounds identified may be part of a larger remote sensing and signaling pathway is also discussed.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Most of the compounds have physiologically active properties, and their biological properties are often attributed to the heteroatoms contained in their molecules, and most of these heteroatoms also appear in cyclic structures. A Journal, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine called Nicotinamide inhibitors, Author is Cote, L.; Oleson, J. J.; Williams, J. H., which mentions a compound: 148-51-6, SMILESS is OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, Quality Control of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride.

3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 2,3-pyrazinedicarboxamide, 3-bromopyridine, 2-methyl-3-amino-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)pyridine, N-thiazolylpyrazinamide, N,N-dimethylpyrazinamide, N-methylpyrazinamide, N-pyrazinylthiourea, N-(hydroxymethyl)pyrazinamide, diethyl N-pyrazinoylaspartate, N-pyrazinoylpiperidine, N-isobutylpyrazinamide, N-(2-pyridyl)pyrazinamide, N-(3-pyridyl)pyrazinamide, N-phenylpyrazinamide, N-hexadecylpyrazinamide, 3-pyrazinoylaminoquinoline, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N’-pyrazinoylethylenediamine, 3-hydroxy-6-pyridazinecarboxamide, 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxamide, 1-thiazolyl-2-pyrrolecarboxamide, desoxypyridoxine, salicylamide, furoic acid, furanilide, pyrazinohydrazide, 1-carbethoxy-4(1,2-dicarbethoxyethyl)piperazine, N-(p-methoxybenzyl)pyrazinamide, pyrazinohydroxamic acid, and Et N-pyrazinoyl-β-alanate had no anti-nicotinamide activity when tested against Lactobacillus arabinosus and none stimulated growth. Pyrazinamide, pyrazinoic acid, and 2-sulfanilamido-5-nitropyridine reversibly inhibited the action of nicotinamide on the organism. Pyrazinamide was not a nicotinamide antagonist for rats or chicks.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic.Gao, Zengrong researched the compound: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride( cas:148-51-6 ).Quality Control of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride.They published the article 《Separation and identification of water-soluble vitamins and vitamin B6 analogs》 about this compound( cas:148-51-6 ) in Yaowu Fenxi Zazhi. Keywords: vitamin identification chromatog spectrometry TLC; liquid chromatog vitamin identification; IR spectrometry vitamin identification; UV spectrometry vitamin identification. We’ll tell you more about this compound (cas:148-51-6).

Vitamin B12  [68-19-9], vitamin B1  [59-43-8], folic acid  [59-30-3], calcium pantothenate  [137-08-6], rutin  [153-18-4], vitamin C  [50-81-7], vitamin B2  [83-88-5], nicotinamide  [98-92-0], nicotinic acid  [59-67-6], p-aminobenzoic acid  [150-13-0], pyridoxal 5-phosphate  [54-47-7], pyridoxol-HCl  [58-56-0], pyridoxamine-2HCl  [524-36-7], pyridoxal-HCl  [65-22-5], and 4-deoxypyridoxol-HCl  [148-51-6] were identified by TLC (using various solvent systems), high-performance liquid chromatog., IR and UV spectrophotometry. Characteristics (Rf values, retention times, absorbances) of these compounds are tabulated.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

HPLC of Formula: 35621-01-3. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride, is researched, Molecular C5H14Cl2N2, CAS is 35621-01-3, about Palladium-mediated N-arylation of heterocyclic diamines: insights into the origin of an unusual chemoselectivity. Author is Cabello-Sanchez, Noemi; Jean, Ludovic; Maddaluno, Jacques; Lasne, Marie-Claire; Rouden, Jacques.

The chemoselectivity of the palladium-mediated reaction of bromobenzene with various heterocyclic diamines was studied. Whatever the ligand used, 3-aminopyrrolidine underwent arylation of the secondary amine function (>82%), whereas the more flexible 3-aminoazepine was arylated on its primary function (>70%). The ratio “”arylation of primary amine vs. arylation of secondary amine”” of 3-aminopiperidine with bromobenzene varied from 90:10 (BINAP, electron-enriched and hindered biphenyls L2 or L3) to 32:68 with the Josiphos-type ligand L10. The same trend was observed when 4-aminopiperidine was used (82:18 with L2 and 17:83 with L10). This selectivity can be tuned by the choice of aryl halide partners having different steric and electronic properties. A cooperative effect of both nitrogens of diamines during the reaction was deduced from competitive experiments Finally, 13C and 31P NMR experiments, carried out with 3-aminopyrrolidine at room temperature, support a fast coordination of the primary amine to the metal. Indeed, a palladium complex resulting from the unusual displacement of one phosphine group of the intermediate ArPdX(BINAP) by the primary amino group was characterized.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Synthetic Route of C10H8ClN. The mechanism of aromatic electrophilic substitution of aromatic heterocycles is consistent with that of benzene. Compound: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline, is researched, Molecular C10H8ClN, CAS is 18436-73-2, about Nucleophilic substitution reaction of chloroquinolines with 1,2,4-triazole. I. Synthesis of 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)quinolines. Author is Korodi, Ferenc.

Synthesis of 4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)quinolines by the reaction of 4-chloroquinolines with 1,2,4-triazole was studied under neutral, acidic and basic reaction conditions. The significant role of acid and base catalysis as well as substituent effects on the reactivity of 4-chloroquinolines in these reactions are reported.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia