Tag: M.W:100-200

Application of 148-51-6. So far, in addition to halogen atoms, other non-metallic atoms can become part of the aromatic heterocycle, and the target ring system is still aromatic. Compound: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride, is researched, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, CAS is 148-51-6, about Anticoccidial agents. 1. Synthesis and anticoccidial activity of 4-deoxypyridoxol and its esters.

A series of 21 title compounds were prepared from 3,α4-O-diacetylpyridoxol-HCl [53580-90-8] by hydrogenolysis, followed by hydrolysis and ester formation. In 14 day white Leghorn chicks, moderate activity against Eimeria acervulina was observed for 4-deoxypyridoxol-HCl (I-HCl) [148-51-6], and its diacetate ester-HCl (II-HCl) [53580-95-3], dibutyrate ester-HCl (III-HCl) [53580-96-4], and dihexanoate ester-HCl (IV) [53580-97-5]. The relation of anticoccidial activity to structure and to antivitamin B6 activity was discussed.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The reaction of an aromatic heterocycle with a proton is called a protonation. One of articles about this theory is 《Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica with penicillin-inhibited Bacteroides symbiosus cells. I. Pyridoxine requirement》. Authors are Reeves, Richard E.; Meleney, Henry E.; Frye, William W..The article about the compound:5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloridecas:148-51-6,SMILESS:OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl).Name: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride. Through the article, more information about this compound (cas:148-51-6) is conveyed.

In a modified Shaffer-Frye culture system it was found that the multiplication of Entamoeba histolytica is strongly inhibited by low concentrations of deoxypyridoxol. The effect of this substance is reversed by the addition of pyridoxal, pyridoxylamine, pyridoxol or pyridoxal phosphate. The last substance was shown to be more effective than pyridoxol in reversing the action of desoxypyridoxol. Conditions were found which allowed the determination of the concentrations of desoxypyridoxol required to reduce to half-maximum the multiplication of E. histolytica. These half-maximum concentrations were reproducible for given stains of amebae, but significant differences were found among 5 strains examined. The F-22 and a newly isolated strain (JH) were more sensitive, the DKB, 200 and K-9 strains were less sensitive to the anti-metabolite. Neither the F-22 nor the DKB strain developed the ability to tolerate larger amounts of anti-metabolite upon continued cultivation in media containing it. Desoxypyridoxol was also effective in preventing the growth of E. histolytica in Cleveland-Collier cultures in the presence of a multiplying mixed-bacterial flora. These results show that there is a pyriodoxine requirement for the multiplication of E. histolytica in the MS-F system. It is not definitely established whether the action of the anti-metabolite is directly on the ameba or upon some phase of the residual metabolism of the accompanying penicillin-inhibited bacterial cells.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica with penicillin-inhibited Bacteroides symbiosus cells. I. Pyridoxine requirement, published in 1959, which mentions a compound: 148-51-6, Name is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, HPLC of Formula: 148-51-6.

In a modified Shaffer-Frye culture system it was found that the multiplication of Entamoeba histolytica is strongly inhibited by low concentrations of deoxypyridoxol. The effect of this substance is reversed by the addition of pyridoxal, pyridoxylamine, pyridoxol or pyridoxal phosphate. The last substance was shown to be more effective than pyridoxol in reversing the action of desoxypyridoxol. Conditions were found which allowed the determination of the concentrations of desoxypyridoxol required to reduce to half-maximum the multiplication of E. histolytica. These half-maximum concentrations were reproducible for given stains of amebae, but significant differences were found among 5 strains examined. The F-22 and a newly isolated strain (JH) were more sensitive, the DKB, 200 and K-9 strains were less sensitive to the anti-metabolite. Neither the F-22 nor the DKB strain developed the ability to tolerate larger amounts of anti-metabolite upon continued cultivation in media containing it. Desoxypyridoxol was also effective in preventing the growth of E. histolytica in Cleveland-Collier cultures in the presence of a multiplying mixed-bacterial flora. These results show that there is a pyriodoxine requirement for the multiplication of E. histolytica in the MS-F system. It is not definitely established whether the action of the anti-metabolite is directly on the ameba or upon some phase of the residual metabolism of the accompanying penicillin-inhibited bacterial cells.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The preparation of ester heterocycles mostly uses heteroatoms as nucleophilic sites, which are achieved by intramolecular substitution or addition reactions. Compound: Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride( cas:35621-01-3 ) is researched.Name: Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride.Shirahata, Akira; Morohohi, Toru; Fukai, Masayo; Akatsu, Sakae; Samejima, Keijiro published the article 《Putrescine or spermidine binding site of aminopropyltransferases and competitive inhibitors》 about this compound( cas:35621-01-3 ) in Biochemical Pharmacology. Keywords: synthase spermine spermidine inhibitor active site; aminopropyltransferase putrescine spermidine site inhibitor. Let’s learn more about this compound (cas:35621-01-3).

A model of the active site of aminopropyltransferases was proposed based on the study of a number of monoamino and diamino compounds as potential inhibitors and substrates, resp., of spermidine synthase purified from pig liver. The active site seems to have a relatively large hydrophobic cavity adjacent to a neg. charged site, to which a protonated amino group of putrescine binds, with another amino group of putrescine being situated in the hydrophobic cavity as a free form to be aminopropylated by decarboxylated S-adenosylmethionine. On the basis of the above-mentioned model, another modified one was proposed for spermine synthase, and several compounds designed according to the modified model were found to potently inhibit spermine synthase, purified from rat brain, in competition with spermidine. The newly developed inhibitors were about two orders of magnitude more potent in vitro than a known inhibitor of spermine synthase, dimethyl(5′-adenosyl)sulfonium perchlorate.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Most of the natural products isolated at present are heterocyclic compounds, so heterocyclic compounds occupy an important position in the research of organic chemistry. A compound: 148-51-6, is researched, SMILESS is OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl, Molecular C8H12ClNO2Journal, Article, Research Support, U.S. Gov’t, P.H.S., Journal of Biological Chemistry called Resonance Raman spectroscopy of pyridoxal Schiff bases, Author is Benecky, Michael J.; Copeland, Robert A.; Hays, Thomas R.; Lobenstine, Eric W.; Rava, Richard P.; Pascal, Robert A. Jr.; Spiro, Thomas G., the main research direction is amino acid adduct pyridoxal phosphate Raman; amine adduct pyridoxal phosphate Raman; pyridoxal Schiff base Raman spectra.Quality Control of 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride.

Resonance Raman (RR) spectra are reported for amino acid and amine adducts of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate (PLP) and 5′-deoxypyridoxal (5′-dPL) in aqueous solution For the valine adducts, a detailed study was carried out on solutions at pH and pD 5, 9, and 13, values at which the pyridine and imine protons are successively ionized, and on the adducts formed from [15N]valine, α-deuterovaline, and N-methyl-PLP. Good quality spectra were obtained, despite the strong fluorescence of pyridoxal Schiff bases, by adding KI as a quencher, and by exciting the mols. on the blue side of their absorption bands: 406.7 nm (cw K+ laser) for the pH 5 and 9 species (λmax = 409 and 414 nm), and 354.7 nm (pulsed YAG laser, 3rd harmonic) for the pH 13 species (λmax = 360 nm). A prominent band at 1646 cm-1 was assigned to the imine C:N stretch via its 13 cm-1 15N shift. A 12 cm-1 downshift of the band in D2O confirmed that the Schiff base linkage is protonated at pH 9. Deprotonation at pH 13 shifted νC:N from 1646 to 1629 cm-1, values typical of conjugated Schiff bases. The strongest band in the spectrum, at 1338 cm-1, shifted to 1347 cm-1 upon pyridine protonation at pH 5, and was assigned to a ring mode with a large component of phenolate C-O stretch. A shoulder on its low-frequency side was assigned to the C4-C4′ stretch. Large enhancements of these modes could be understood qual. in terms of the dominant resonance structures contributing to the ground and resonant excited states. A number of weaker bands were observed, and assigned to pyridine ring modes. These modes gained significantly in intensity, and the exocyclic modes diminished, when the spectra were excited at 266 nm (YAG laser, 4th harmonic) in resonance with ring-localized electronic transitions.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Reference of 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline. Aromatic heterocyclic compounds can also be classified according to the number of heteroatoms contained in the heterocycle: single heteroatom, two heteroatoms, three heteroatoms and four heteroatoms. Compound: 4-Chloro-8-methylquinoline, is researched, Molecular C10H8ClN, CAS is 18436-73-2, about Potent antiviral activity of novel multi-substituted 4-anilinoquin(az)olines. Author is Saul, Sirle; Pu, Szu-Yuan; Zuercher, William J.; Einav, Shirit; Asquith, Christopher R. M..

Screening a series of 4-anilinoquinolines and 4-anilinoquinazolines enabled identification of potent novel inhibitors of dengue virus (DENV). Preparation of focused 4-anilinoquinoline/quinazoline scaffold arrays led to the identification of a series of high potency 6-substituted bromine and iodine derivatives The most potent compound 6-iodo-4-((3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)amino)quinoline-3-carbonitrile inhibited DENV infection with an EC50 = 79 nM. Crucially, these compounds showed very limited toxicity with CC50 values >10μM in almost all cases. This new promising series provides an anchor point for further development to optimize compound properties.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride(SMILESS: OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl,cas:148-51-6) is researched.Category: pyrimidines. The article 《Convulsive effects of 4-deoxypyridoxine and of bicuculline in photosensitive baboons (Papio papio) and in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta)》 in relation to this compound, is published in Brain Research. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:148-51-6).

4-Deoxypyridoxine HCl (I) [148-51-6] administered i.v. at 40-100 mg/kg enhanced the natural syndrome of photosynthetic epilepsy in baboons and increased the severity of photically-induced myoclonus so that it progressed to a tonic-clonic seizure. In subconvulsive doses I provoked epileptic afterdischarges in the occipital cortex of monkeys exposed to photic stimulation. In both species I at 100-150 mg/kg induced spontaneous seizures which originated unilaterally in the occipital cortex and began with a horizontal nystagmus. When the occipital discharges no longer generalized, the animals had a normal electroencephalogram. A 4:1 excess of pyridoxine [65-23-6] in baboons blocked the increase in photically-induced responses and drug-induced seizures. Bicuculline (II) [485-49-4] administered i.v. at 0.1-0.4 mg/kg induced generalized seizures in both species, and at 0.3-0.6 mg/kg induced prolonged (150-300 min) seizures characterized by sustained myoclonic activity and relative absence of episodes of postictal silence in baboons. At 0.1-0.3 mg/kg II sometimes caused a brief myoclonic jerk associated with frontorolandic spikes and waves. There seem to be 2 inhibitory systems which differ in their pharmacol. responsiveness but both probably involve γ-aminobutyric acid [56-12-2] as the neurotransmitter. One system seems to be intracortical and its functional failure causes occipital discharges and spontaneous seizures after administration of the pyridoxine antagonists. The other is probably a collateral inhibitory system within the pathways afferent to the somatomotor cortex.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Electric Literature of C8H12ClNO2. The protonation of heteroatoms in aromatic heterocycles can be divided into two categories: lone pairs of electrons are in the aromatic ring conjugated system; and lone pairs of electrons do not participate. Compound: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride, is researched, Molecular C8H12ClNO2, CAS is 148-51-6, about Running fits and γ-aminobutyric acid of the superior colliculus of the mouse. Author is Yamashita, Junko; Hirata, Yukio.

The γ-aminobutyric acid content of the superior colliculus of the mouse brain was decreased following the induction of running fits by the intracollicular injection of the antivitamin B6 compound semicarbazide. Aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride, an inhibitor of 4-aminobutyrate-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.19) with a resultant increase in GABA levels, has been shown to exert an antidotal effect on the induction of running fits. Therefore, this type of convulsive behavior is apparently associated with diminished levels of GABA in the superior colliculus. Running fits were also induced by the antivitamin B6 compounds thiosemicarbazide and 4-deoxypyridoxine-HCl, and presumedly this was also the result of a decrease in GABA level.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The three-dimensional configuration of the ester heterocycle is basically the same as that of the carbocycle. Compound: 5-(hydroxymethyl)-2,4-dimethylpyridin-3-ol hydrochloride(SMILESS: OC1=C(C)C(CO)=CN=C1C.[H]Cl,cas:148-51-6) is researched.Electric Literature of C8H12ClNO2. The article 《Vitamin B6 antagonists alter the function and ultrastructure of mice endothelial cells》 in relation to this compound, is published in Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. Let’s take a look at the latest research on this compound (cas:148-51-6).

Vitamin B6 is necessary for normal cell membrane function and stability. We studied both the function and ultrastructure of aortic and arterial endothelial cells (EC) in vitamin B6 deficiency induced by vitamin B6 antagonists 4-deoxypyridoxine HCl (dPN·HCl) and isonicotinylhydrazide (INH) given in drinking water to 1-mo-old ICR mice. The mice were fed normal laboratory chow and divided into 3 groups. Mice in group I were given distilled water (control), group II was given 0.1 mg dPN·HCl/mL water, and group III 0.4 mg INH/mL water. After 5 mo the blood plasma concentrations of B6 vitamers pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) and pyridoxal (PL) were analyzed by HPLC. With arachidonic acid (AA) as a precursor, the PGI2 production by EC was assayed by thin-layer chromatog. (TLC) as an indicator of endothelial function. Aorta and arterioles from the foot pad were removed, stained with osmium tetraoxide, and examined by transmission electron microscopy to evaluate the EC ultrastructure. The blood plasma concentrations of PLP, PL, and total B6 were lowest for mice fed INH, followed by dPN·HCl and control. The PGI2 production was paralleled by the plasma vitamin B6 status, with the lowest levels in the INH group, followed by the dPN·HCl group. Abnormalities in the EC ultrastructure were found in both dPN·HCl and INH groups, including cells detached from underlying elastic tissue, with prominent pinocytotic vesicles and swelling and/or indistinct cristae of mitochondria. Thus, vitamin B6 antagonists can induce a deficient status that alters the function and ultrastructure of EC similar to vascular disease.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In general, if the atoms that make up the ring contain heteroatoms, such rings become heterocycles, and organic compounds containing heterocycles are called heterocyclic compounds. An article called Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of piperidine derivatives with various heterocyclic rings at the 4-position, published in 1985-03-31, which mentions a compound: 35621-01-3, Name is Piperidin-4-amine dihydrochloride, Molecular C5H14Cl2N2, Related Products of 35621-01-3.

A series of piperidine derivatives with various heterocyclic rings at the 4-position, e.g. I, II, was prepared and tested for antihypertensive activity and other biol. activities. The antihypertensive effects of the present compounds in the spontaneous hypertensive rat were less potent than those of previously reported compounds However, some exhibited antiulcer and/or antiinflammatory activity. Structure-activity relationships are discussed.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia