Tag: M.W=100-150

Budesinsky, Zdenek published the artcileNucleophilic substitutions in the 2-methane sulfonylpyrimidine series, Computed Properties of 38275-56-8, the main research area is pyrimidine methanesulfonyl methoxide; methoxy cyano pyrimidine; sweet taste pyrimidine; oxidation methylthiopyrimidine.

Oxidation of 5-substituted 2-methylthiopyrimidines gave the 2-methylsulfonyl derivatives, the nucleophilic substitution of which with NaOMe, N2H4, PhCH2NH2, NaCN, NaSH, and NaCH(CN)CO2Me gave the appropriate 5-substituted 2-methoxy-, 2-mercapto-, 2-hydrazino, 2-benzylamino-, 2-cyano-, and 2-(methoxycarbonylcyano-methyl)pyrimidine. 2-Methylsulfonyl-5-fluoropyrimidine (I) treated at 0° with NaOMe gave 2-methoxy-5-fluoropyrimidine but at a higher temperature and with excess NaOMe, 2,5-dimethoxypyrimidine was formed. I and N2H4 gave 5-hydrazino-2-meth-ylsulfonylpyrimidine. 5-Benzylamino-2-methylsulfonylpyri-midine was prepared analogously. At 10-20°, the reaction of 2 methylsulfonyl-5-halo(fluoro, chloro, bromo)pyrimidines with-NaCN gave the 2-cyano derivatives but at a higher temperature, 2-cyano-5-methylsulfonylpyrimidine was formed. 2-Cyano-5-methylpyrimidine, 2-cyano-5-methoxypyrimidine, 2-cyano-5-fluoropyrimidine, 2-cyano-5-chloropyrimidine, and 2-cyano-5-bromopyrimidine exhibited an intensive sweet taste.

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications published new progress about Substitution reaction. 38275-56-8 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Chloropyrimidine-2-carbonitrile, and the molecular formula is C5H2ClN3, Computed Properties of 38275-56-8.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Brumfield, Martha A. published the artcileTwo triplets mediating intramolecular photochemical abstraction of hydrogen by nitrogen in 4-acyl-6-alkylpyrimidines, Recommanded Product: 1-(6-Methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone, the main research area is photocyclization acylalkylpyrimidine; intramol photochem hydrogen abstraction acylalkylpyrimidine; triplet state hydrogen abstraction acylaklylpyrimidine; pyrimidine acylalkyl triplet photochem.

Direct irradiation with λ >340 nm of 4-acyl-6-alkylpyrimidines I (R = Me) and II (R = CH2CH2CHMe2) or their triplet sensitization by aromatic ketones leads to an nπ* triplet (ET ∼70-71 kcal/mol). In I (R = Me) this state is responsible for hydrogen abstraction from the C(4) side chain and isomerization to cyclopropanol III. Ketone II (R = CH2CH2CHMe2) does not fragment under either of these direct or sensitized conditions. However, triplet sensitization of II (R = CH2CH2CHMe2) by acetone (ET ∼79-82 kcal/mol) or direct irradiation of II (R = CH2CH2CHMe2) through Vycor, λ > 200 nm, leads to hydrogen abstraction, cleavage of the C(6) side chain, and formation of II (R = Me) in a reaction occurring from an upper nπ* triplet (ET ∼79-84 kcal/mol). Ketone I (R = CH2CH2CHMe2) yields mainly IV and, depending upon conditions, a small amount of I (R = Me) or III; the minor products arise by a novel monophotonic pathway.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Photoabstraction reaction, intramolecular photoabstraction. 67073-96-5 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 1-(6-Methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone, and the molecular formula is C7H8N2O, Recommanded Product: 1-(6-Methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Kolar, Michal published the artcileThe strength and directionality of a halogen bond are co-determined by the magnitude and size of the σ-hole, Synthetic Route of 38275-56-8, the main research area is halogen bond strength directionality sigma hole magnitude size effect.

The σ-holes of halogen atoms on various aromatic scaffolds were described in terms of their size and magnitude. The electrostatic potential maps at the CAM-B3LYP-D3(bj)/def2-QZVP level were calculated and the σ-holes of >100 aromatic analogs were thoroughly analyzed to relate the σ-holes to the binding preferences of the halogenated compounds Both the size and magnitude of the σ-hole increase when passing from chlorinated to iodinated analogs. Also, the σ-hole properties were studied upon chem. substitution of the aromatic ring as well as in the aromatic ring. Further, the angular variations of the interactions were studied on a selected set of halogenbenzene complexes with argon and hydrogen fluoride (HF). To analyze interaction energy components, DFT-SAPT angular scans were performed. The interaction energies of bromobenzene complexes were evaluated at the CCSD(T)/complete basis set level providing the benchmark energetic data. The strength of the halogen bond between halogenbenzenes and Ar atoms and HF mols. increases while its directionality decreases when passing from chlorine to iodine. The decrease of the directionality of the halogen bond is larger for a HF-containing complex and is caused by electrostatic and exchange-repulsion energies. These findings are especially valuable for protein-halogenated ligand-binding studies, applied in the realm of rational drug development and lead optimization.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about Aryl halides Role: PRP (Properties). 38275-56-8 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 5-Chloropyrimidine-2-carbonitrile, and the molecular formula is C5H2ClN3, Synthetic Route of 38275-56-8.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Riand, J. published the artcileProton and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance studies of substituted pyrimidines. 2. Monoprotonation of methyl- and aminopyrimidines, Synthetic Route of 22433-68-7, the main research area is protonation pyrimidine NMR; carbon NMR pyrimidine.

The monoprotonation of methyl- and aminopyrimidines was studied by C13 NMR spectroscopy. The chem.-shift parameters associated with the protonation of methylpyrimidines were determined for the aromatic and Me group C atoms from the salts of certain sym. compounds A significant difference exists for certain parameters for a given C, depending on whether a H atom or a Me group is attached to it. An especially large solvent effect exists for C atoms bearing a Me group para to the site of protonation. The percentages of the forms monoprotonated at sites N-1 or N-3 of pyrimidines were evaluated from their chem. shifts in F3CCO2H and Me2SO. For methylpyrimidines a higher percentage (∼71%) of the form in which the protonated N is in the para position to the Me group is found. For the 4-amino-6-methylpyrimidines, the influence of the amino group is greater than that of the Me group, and the percentage reaches ∼94% for the form in which the protonated N is in the para position to the amino group.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). 22433-68-7 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidine, and the molecular formula is C5H7N3, Synthetic Route of 22433-68-7.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Rao, C. Janakiram published the artcileSubstituent Effects on Photochemical Hydrogen Abstraction in 2-Acylpyridines, 2-Acylpyrazines, and 4-Acylpyrimidines, Quality Control of 67073-96-5, the main research area is photochem hydrogen abstraction acylheterocycle substituent effect; ketone photochem hydrogen abstraction.

Stern-Volmer quenching of the photochem. of I indicates that N- and O-abstraction are quenched at different rates . When I is sensitized with triplet sensitizers of increasing ET, N-abstraction increases . These data indicate that N- and O-abstraction in I take place from distinguishable triplet states. Survey of Φp’s of ring-substituted nitrogen-containing heteroaryl ketones (e.g. II; R= H,Me,CN) demonstrates the effect of substitution on the competition between N- and O-abstraction . For methyl- and dicyano-substituted ketones, the results can be understood simply in terms of shifts in ET of the nπ* and ππ* states of the heterocycle. The photochem. of all these ketones requires consideration of interactions among three triplet states.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Heterocyclic compounds, nitrogen Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 67073-96-5 belongs to class pyrimidines, name is 1-(6-Methylpyrimidin-4-yl)ethanone, and the molecular formula is C7H8N2O, Quality Control of 67073-96-5.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has the nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. 554-01-8, formula is C5H7N3O, Name is 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Name: 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one.

Zhang, Ze;Lee, Min Kyung;Perreard, Laurent;Kelsey, Karl T.;Christensen, Brock C.;Salas, Lucas A. research published 《 Navigating the hydroxymethylome: experimental biases and quality control tools for the tandem bisulfite and oxidative bisulfite Illumina microarrays》, the research content is summarized as follows. Aim: Tandem bisulfite (BS) and oxidative bisulfite (oxBS) conversion on DNA followed by hybridization to Infinium Human Methylation BeadChips allows nucleotide resolution of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine genome-wide. Here, the authors compared data quality acquired from BS-treated and oxBS-treated samples. Materials & methods: Raw BeadArray data from 417 pairs of samples across 12 independent datasets were included in the study. Probe call rates were compared between paired BS and oxBS treatments controlling for tech. variables. Results: oxBS-treated samples had a significantly lower call rate. Among tech. variables, DNA-specific extraction kits performed better with higher call rates after oxBS conversion. Conclusion: The authors emphasize the importance of quality control during oxBS conversion to minimize information loss and recommend using a DNA-specific extraction kit for DNA extraction and an oxBSQC package for data preprocessing. Lay abstract : DNA hydroxymethylation (5-hydroxymethylcytosine [5hmC]) is a chem. modification of the cytosines in the DNA that affects gene transcription. 5hmC has been used as a biomarker for early cancer detection and survival prediction in recent years. 5hmC is measured using tandem bisulfite (BS) and oxidative bisulfite (oxBS) conversion of DNA followed by quantification through DNA methylation microarrays. This study observed a consistent loss of high-quality data in oxBS-treated samples compared with BS-treated samples. The authors offer a bioinformatic tool to evaluate potential quality issues in the process and some tech. advice to reduce false signals in the data. Thus, they emphasize the importance of preserving DNA integrity when using tandem BS- and oxBS-treated DNA to measure 5-methylcytosine and 5hmC.

Name: 4-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-2(1H)-one, 5-Methylcytosine is a methylated form of the nucleobase cytosine occurring predominantly in cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) islands that are produced by DNA methyltransferases and may regulate gene expression. Like cytosine, the DNA sequence containing 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) is able to be replicated without error and 5-mC can pair with guanine in double stranded DNA. However, DNA sequences containing a high local concentration of 5-mC may be less transcriptionally active than areas with higher ratios of unmodified cytosine.
5-Methylcytosine belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxypyrimidines. These are organic compounds containing a hydroxyl group attached to a pyrimidine ring. Pyrimidine is a 6-membered ring consisting of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen centers at the 1- and 3- ring positions. 5-Methylcytosine exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a very weakly acidic compound (based on its pKa). Within the cell, 5-methylcytosine is primarily located in the cytoplasm. 5-Methylcytosine can be biosynthesized from cytosine. Outside of the human body, 5-methylcytosine can be found in tea. This makes 5-methylcytosine a potential biomarker for the consumption of this food product.
5-methylcytosine is a pyrimidine that is a derivative of cytosine, having a methyl group at the 5-position. It has a role as a human metabolite. It is a member of pyrimidines and a methylcytosine. It derives from a cytosine.
5-Methylcytosine is a nucleic acid that is found in the DNA and RNA of the cell. It is an important component of methylation, which is the process by which a methyl group is added to a molecule. This process can lead to cellular transformation, a process that can cause cancer. 5-Methylcytosine has also been shown as a molecular pathogenesis factor in infectious diseases such as HIV and herpes simplex virus type 1. The presence of 5-methylcytosine in nuclear DNA has been detected by analytical techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). There are many analytical methods, including GC/MS, that can be used to detect 5-methylcytosine in cellular nuclei., 554-01-8.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 1722-12-9, formula is C4H3ClN2, Name is 2-Chloropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Quality Control of 1722-12-9.

Zhao, Haoqiang;Luo, Zhenli;Yang, Ji;Li, Bohan;Han, Jiahong;Xu, Lijin;Lai, Wenzhen;Walsh, Patrick J. research published 《 Ligand-Promoted Rh^I-Catalyzed C2-Selective C-H Alkenylation and Polyenylation of Imidazoles with Alkenyl Carboxylic Acids》, the research content is summarized as follows. The first RhI-catalyzed, directed decarbonylative C2-H alkenylation of imidazoles with readily available alkenyl carboxylic acids is reported. The reaction proceeds in a highly regio- and stereoselective manner, providing efficient access to C2-alkenylated imidazoles that are generally inaccessible by known C-H alkenylation methods. This transformation accommodates a wide range of alkenyl carboxylic acids, including challenging conjugated polyene carboxylic acids, and diversely decorated imidazoles with high functional group compatibility. The presence of a removable pyrimidine directing group and the use of a bidentate phosphine ligand are pivotal to the success of the catalytic reaction. This process is also suitable for benzimidazoles. Importantly, the scalability and diversification of the products highlight the potential of this protocol in practical applications. Detailed exptl. and computational studies provide important insights into the underlying reaction mechanism.

Quality Control of 1722-12-9, 2-Chloropyrimidine is a monochlorinated pyrimidine with plant growth regulating activity. Chloropyrimidine is a useful reagent in the preparation of antivirals and other biologically active compounds.
2-Chloropyrimidine undergoes cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl halides.
2-Chloropyrimidine is a molecule that can be synthesized by the oxidation of pyrimidine with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds through an electrochemical process in which the oxidation catalyst is a platinum electrode. This reaction is catalyzed by the nucleophilic attack of malonic acid on the chloropyrimidine at the methylene group. This efficient method for making 2-chloropyrimidine has been applied to synthesize aryl halides, including phenyl chloropyrimidine and pyridyl chloropyrimidine, from their corresponding chloride and bromide precursors. The fluorescence properties of 2-chloropyrimidine have been studied in coordination chemistry, where it forms complexes with metal ions such as Mn2+. In this study, it was found that adsorption mechanisms are dependent on molecular size, charge density, kinetic energy, and adsorbent surface area., 1722-12-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. 1722-12-9, formula is C4H3ClN2, Name is 2-Chloropyrimidine. It is also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. Recommanded Product: 2-Chloropyrimidine.

Zhong, Shuai;Zhou, Zhiwei;Zhao, Feng;Mao, Guojiang;Deng, Guo-Jun;Huang, Huawen research published 《 Deoxygenative C-S Bond Coupling with Sulfinates via Nickel/Photoredox Dual Catalysis》, the research content is summarized as follows. The C-S bond formation from aryl halides and thiols has been well established under various catalytic systems. In this work, user-friendly sulfinates have been exploited as an efficient sulfenylating reagent in the C-S couplings through visible light-induced photo/nickel dual catalysis under base- and external reductant-free conditions. A large number of aryl sulfide products were accessed with high selectivity and high tolerance of various functionalities.

Recommanded Product: 2-Chloropyrimidine, 2-Chloropyrimidine is a monochlorinated pyrimidine with plant growth regulating activity. Chloropyrimidine is a useful reagent in the preparation of antivirals and other biologically active compounds.
2-Chloropyrimidine undergoes cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl halides.
2-Chloropyrimidine is a molecule that can be synthesized by the oxidation of pyrimidine with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds through an electrochemical process in which the oxidation catalyst is a platinum electrode. This reaction is catalyzed by the nucleophilic attack of malonic acid on the chloropyrimidine at the methylene group. This efficient method for making 2-chloropyrimidine has been applied to synthesize aryl halides, including phenyl chloropyrimidine and pyridyl chloropyrimidine, from their corresponding chloride and bromide precursors. The fluorescence properties of 2-chloropyrimidine have been studied in coordination chemistry, where it forms complexes with metal ions such as Mn2+. In this study, it was found that adsorption mechanisms are dependent on molecular size, charge density, kinetic energy, and adsorbent surface area., 1722-12-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 1722-12-9, formula is C4H3ClN2, Name is 2-Chloropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Recommanded Product: 2-Chloropyrimidine.

Zhou, Jiadi;Cheng, Cheng;Lin, Zhihao;Ren, Quanlei;Xu, Ning;Lin, Jiangfeng;Qin, Yimin;Li, Jianjun research published 《 δ-Regioselective heteroarylation of free alcohols through 1,5-hydrogen-atom transfer》, the research content is summarized as follows. An efficient silver-catalyzed δ-regioselective C(sp³)-H heteroarylation of free alcs. was developed. Various alcs. reacted with quinolines, isoquinoline, pyridines, pyrimidine, phthalazine, 4-hydroxyquinazoline, acridine, quinoxaline and pyrazine to give the corresponding C(sp²)-H alkylation products in 31-89% yields. Notably, all types (1°, 2°, and 3°) of δ-C(sp³)-H bonds in the alcs. was regioselectively activated. This protocol provided a platform to access divergent functionalizations of alcs. and heteroaryls by forming the challenging δ-selective C(sp³)-C(sp²) bond.

Recommanded Product: 2-Chloropyrimidine, 2-Chloropyrimidine is a monochlorinated pyrimidine with plant growth regulating activity. Chloropyrimidine is a useful reagent in the preparation of antivirals and other biologically active compounds.
2-Chloropyrimidine undergoes cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl halides.
2-Chloropyrimidine is a molecule that can be synthesized by the oxidation of pyrimidine with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds through an electrochemical process in which the oxidation catalyst is a platinum electrode. This reaction is catalyzed by the nucleophilic attack of malonic acid on the chloropyrimidine at the methylene group. This efficient method for making 2-chloropyrimidine has been applied to synthesize aryl halides, including phenyl chloropyrimidine and pyridyl chloropyrimidine, from their corresponding chloride and bromide precursors. The fluorescence properties of 2-chloropyrimidine have been studied in coordination chemistry, where it forms complexes with metal ions such as Mn2+. In this study, it was found that adsorption mechanisms are dependent on molecular size, charge density, kinetic energy, and adsorbent surface area., 1722-12-9.

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

The systematic study of pyrimidines began in 1884 with Pinner, who synthesized derivatives by condensing ethyl acetoacetate with amidines. Pinner first proposed the name “pyrimidin” in 1885. 1722-12-9, formula is C4H3ClN2, Name is 2-Chloropyrimidine. The parent compound was first prepared by Gabriel and Colman in 1900, by conversion of barbituric acid to 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine followed by reduction using zinc dust in hot water. Product Details of C4H3ClN2.

Zhou, Juan;Mock, Elliot D.;Al Ayed, Karol;Di, Xinyu;Kantae, Vasudev;Burggraaff, Lindsey;Stevens, Anna F.;Martella, Andrea;Mohr, Florian;Jiang, Ming;van der Wel, Tom;Wendel, Tiemen J.;Ofman, Tim P.;Tran, Yvonne;de Koster, Nicky;van Westen, Gerard J. P.;Hankemeier, Thomas;van der Stelt, Mario research published 《 Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of α-Ketoamides as Inhibitors of the Phospholipase A and Acyltransferase Enzyme Family》, the research content is summarized as follows. The phospholipase A and acyltransferase (PLAAT) family of cysteine hydrolases consists of five members, which are involved in the Ca²⁺-independent production of N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines (NAPEs). NAPEs are lipid precursors for bioactive N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) that are involved in various physiol. processes such as food intake, pain, inflammation, stress, and anxiety. Recently, we identified α-ketoamides as the first pan-active PLAAT inhibitor scaffold that reduced arachidonic acid levels in PLAAT3-overexpressing U2OS cells and in HepG2 cells. Here, we report the structure-activity relationships of the α-ketoamide series using activity-based protein profiling. This led to the identification of LEI-301(I), a nanomolar potent inhibitor for the PLAAT family members. LEI-301 reduced the NAE levels, including anandamide, in cells overexpressing PLAAT2 or PLAAT5. Collectively, LEI-301 may help to dissect the physiol. role of the PLAATs.

1722-12-9, 2-Chloropyrimidine is a monochlorinated pyrimidine with plant growth regulating activity. Chloropyrimidine is a useful reagent in the preparation of antivirals and other biologically active compounds.
2-Chloropyrimidine undergoes cobalt-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction with aryl halides.
2-Chloropyrimidine is a molecule that can be synthesized by the oxidation of pyrimidine with hydrogen peroxide and hydrochloric acid. The reaction proceeds through an electrochemical process in which the oxidation catalyst is a platinum electrode. This reaction is catalyzed by the nucleophilic attack of malonic acid on the chloropyrimidine at the methylene group. This efficient method for making 2-chloropyrimidine has been applied to synthesize aryl halides, including phenyl chloropyrimidine and pyridyl chloropyrimidine, from their corresponding chloride and bromide precursors. The fluorescence properties of 2-chloropyrimidine have been studied in coordination chemistry, where it forms complexes with metal ions such as Mn2+. In this study, it was found that adsorption mechanisms are dependent on molecular size, charge density, kinetic energy, and adsorbent surface area., Product Details of C4H3ClN2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia