Pyrimidines

Cinchona alkaloid thiourea-catalyzed one-pot synthesis and bioselective activities of β-amino acid ester derivatives containing a pyrimidine moiety was written by Bai, Song;Liu, Shan;Zhu, Yunying;Wei, Xian;Zhao, Kunhong;Li, Weihua;Wu, Qin. And the article was included in Heterocycles in 2018.Electric Literature of C7H11N3O2 This article mentions the following:

Both enantiomers of β-amino acid ester derivatives I (R¹ = cyclohexyl, Ph, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 2-furyl; R² = Me, Et) that contain a pyrimidine moiety were produced from 2-amino-4-(dimethoxymethyl)pyrimidine, aldehydes R¹CHO and malonates H₂C(CO₂R²)₂ in an enantioselective Mannich-type one-pot reaction in good yields and with excellent enantiomeric excess (up to >99% ee) using chiral cinchona alkaloid thiourea catalysts. An evaluation of the antiviral activities of reaction products against tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was promising with high and selective biol. activities. Compound (-)-I (R¹ = 2-furyl; R² = Me) showed an excellent anti-TMV activity (curative activity, 56.1%; inactivation activity, 70.7%; protection activity, 95.7%) at 500 μg/mL. These values exceeded those of the com. available antiviral agent, ningnanmycin (curative activity, 52.6%; inactivation activity, 62.0%; protection activity, 90.2%). These novel chiral compounds were used as protective agents against TMV disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Dimethoxymethylpyrimidin-2-ylamine (cas: 165807-05-6Electric Literature of C7H11N3O2).

4-Dimethoxymethylpyrimidin-2-ylamine (cas: 165807-05-6) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities.Electric Literature of C7H11N3O2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In-situ synthesis of CNT/UiO-66-NH₂-based molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membranes for selective recognition and separation of sulfamethoxazole: A synergistic promotion system was written by Wang, Chong;Xing, Wendong;Wu, Yilin;Li, Yunhui;Yan, Yongsheng;Zhu, Jianwei. And the article was included in Surfaces and Interfaces in 2022.Category: pyrimidines This article mentions the following:

Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a widespread organic contaminant that threatens the ecol. environment and human health. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an effective method for selective separation of SMX from the aquatic environments. Herein, a novel in-situ synthesis of CNT/UiO-66-NH2 based molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membranes (CUMIMs) is designed for selective removal of SMX. The CNT/UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposite is prepared through in-situ growth of MOFs in the presence of CNT. The CNT around the MOFs can effectively avoid the aggregation of CNT/UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposite and introduce unique properties into the PVDF/PVA membrane, which simultaneously benefit in both hydrophilicity and water flux. More importantly, the well dispersed CNT/UiO-66-NH2 nanocomposite with huge specific in the membrane can facilitate the selectivity toward SMX. The selective separation performance of CUMIMs is evaluated by static adsorption and permeselectivity experiments The results showed that the synthesized CUMIMs afford an ideal rebinding selectivity (αSMX/SMM = 2.01, αSMX/TC = 4.34, and αSMX/CIP = 4.65) and permselectivity factor (β = 2.15) toward SMX. The presented strategy on CUMIMs fabrication would potentially enrich the application of CNT/MOFs-based molecularly imprinted nanocomposite membrane in the field of contaminant separation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Category: pyrimidines).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Category: pyrimidines

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Studies of pyrimidine derivatives. XXXVIII. Cross-coupling reaction of N-heteroaryl iodides with ethoxycarbonylmethylzinc bromide in the presence of palladium catalyst was written by Yamanaka, Hiroshi;Annaka, Masayuki;Kondo, Yoshinori;Sakamoto, Takao. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1985.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine This article mentions the following:

In the presence of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, 2-iodo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and 4-iodo-2,6-dimethylpyrimidine reacted with ethoxycarbonylmethylzinc bromide (Reformatskii reagent) to give Et 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidineacetate and Et 2,6-dimethyl-4-pyrimidineacetate, resp. In contrast, the reaction of 5-iodo-2,4-dimethylpyrimidine with the same reagent resulted in recovery of the starting iodide. Similar results were observed in the reactions of various N-heteroaryl iodides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine).

2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Recommanded Product: 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Discovery of potent LPA₂ (EDG4) antagonists as potential anticancer agents was written by Beck, Hilary P.;Kohn, Todd;Rubenstein, Steven;Hedberg, Christine;Schwandner, Ralf;Hasslinger, Kerstin;Dai, Kang;Li, Cong;Liang, Lingming;Wesche, Holger;Frank, Brendon;An, Songhzu;Wickramasinghe, Dineli;Jaen, Juan;Medina, Julio;Hungate, Randall;Shen, Wang. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2008.Safety of 4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine This article mentions the following:

The LPA₂ protein is overexpressed in many tumor cells. We report the optimization of a series of LPA₂ antagonists using calcium mobilization assay (aequorin assay) that led to the discovery of the first reported inhibitors selective for LPA₂. Key compounds were evaluated in vitro for inhibition of LPA₂ mediated Erk activation and proliferation of HCT-116 cells. These compounds could be used to evaluate the benefits of LPA₂ inhibition both in vitro and in vivo. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 175137-21-0Safety of 4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine).

4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 175137-21-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.Safety of 4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Comparison of four different multiclass, multiresidue sample preparation methods in the analysis of veterinary drugs in fish and other food matrices was written by Lehotay, Steven J.;Lightfield, Alan R.. And the article was included in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry in 2021.Category: pyrimidines This article mentions the following:

In 2018, AOAC International issued Standard Method Performance Requirements (SPMR) 2018.010 – Screening and Identification Method for Regulated Veterinary Drug Residues in Food. In response, we compared 4 different multiresidue methods of sample preparation using the same anal. method entailing ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Tilapia was chosen for testing, and the analytes and monitoring levels were from SPMR 2018.010. The methods consist of efficient procedures with published validation results from the US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), and an enhanced-matrix removal (EMR)-Lipid protocol from China. Each method was used to prepare 102 final extracts of tilapia spiked or not at different levels with the 78 targeted analytes plus metabolites. The same FDA/USDA rules of mass spectral identification were employed in all analyses to assess rates of false positives and negatives. Quant. accuracy of the methods was also compared in terms of recoveries and reproducibility of spiked tilapia, incurred catfish, and spiked and certified reference material of bovine muscle. Each method yielded generally acceptable results for the targeted veterinary drugs, but the USDA “extract & inject” method was the fastest, simplest, and cheapest to achieve equally or more acceptable results for the widest scope of analytes for the tested food matrixes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Category: pyrimidines).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Category: pyrimidines

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Hypothetical scenarios estimating and simulating the fate of antibiotics: Implications for antibiotic environmental pollution caused by manure application was written by Yan, Xiao-Ting;Zhai, Yun-Qiu;Cai, Ya-ya;Guo, Zhao;Zhang, Qian-Qian;Ying, Guang-Guo. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2022.Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

The application of animal manure containing antibiotic residues as an organic fertilizer to farmlands, poses a major threat to the health of river basin ecosystems. Waste treatment processes can help reduce antibiotic pollution levels in river basins following manure application, but the overall influence of these processes remains unclear. This study evaluates the impact of manure treatment methods on the emission and subsequent river pollution caused by 14 frequently detected antibiotics in a typical pig breeding area in China, by using hypothetical scenarios method. Three scenarios were constructed based on possible fate pathways of antibiotics, representing in 47.0, 55.3, and 81.6 ton·yr-1 antibiotic emissions into the river basin. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model successfully simulated the transport of antibiotics from farmland to surface water, with calibration and verification performed using hydrol. station monthly data over 8 consecutive years. Field measured concentrations also verified the reliability of the model and were used to determine the most realistic scenario. In basins applied with manure, environmental antibiotic pollution is most affected by the wastewater treatment process and manure applied patterns, followed by changes in streamflow. The antibiotic pollution in manure applied areas showed significant spatial and temporal differences, resulting from the different manure application patterns. The simulated total outflow of antibiotics in the river basin accounted for 18.1% of the inflow, with the loss of target antibiotics by degradation, volatilization and sedimentation deposition in the river basin being 0.23, 0.01 and 33.2 ton·yr-1, resp. This study can help to clarify the environmental fate of antibiotics in the basin following manure application, provide guidance for policy makers and help to design the effective corrective interventions for reducing the environmental pollution. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.Recommanded Product: 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Discovery, synthesis, selectivity modulation and DMPK characterization of 5-azaspiro[2.4]heptanes as potent orexin receptor antagonists was written by Stasi, Luigi Piero;Artusi, Roberto;Bovino, Clara;Buzzi, Benedetta;Canciani, Luca;Caselli, Gianfranco;Colace, Fabrizio;Garofalo, Paolo;Giambuzzi, Silvia;Larger, Patrice;Letari, Ornella;Mandelli, Stefano;Perugini, Lorenzo;Pucci, Sabrina;Salvi, Matteo;Toro, PierLuigi. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2013.Reference of 16879-39-3 This article mentions the following:

Starting from an orexin 1 receptor selective antagonist 4,4-disubstituted piperidine series, a novel potent 5-azaspiro[2.4]heptane dual orexin 1 and orexin 2 receptor antagonist class has been discovered. SAR and pharmacokinetic optimization of this series is herein disclosed. Lead compound I exhibits potent activity against orexin 1 and orexin 2 receptors along with low cytochrome P 450 inhibition potential, good brain penetration and oral bioavailability in rats. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3Reference of 16879-39-3).

2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Reference of 16879-39-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Highly Selective Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Secondary Alkylzinc Reagents with Heteroaryl Halides was written by Yang, Yang;Niedermann, Katrin;Han, Chong;Buchwald, Stephen L.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2014.HPLC of Formula: 187035-79-6 This article mentions the following:

The highly selective palladium-catalyzed Negishi coupling of secondary alkylzinc reagents with heteroaryl halides is described [e.g., using a palladacycle precatalyst ligated by CPhos, 3-chlorobenzisothiazole was coupled with i-PrZnBr.LiCl to afford 3-isopropylbenzisothiazole in 78% yield (normal:rearranged ratio = 98:2)]. The development of a series of biarylphosphine ligands has led to the identification of an improved catalyst for the coupling of electron-deficient heterocyclic substrates. Preparation and characterization of oxidative addition complex (L)(Ar)PdBr provided insight into the unique reactivity of catalysts based on CPhos-type ligands in facilitating challenging reductive elimination processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (cas: 187035-79-6HPLC of Formula: 187035-79-6).

Ethyl 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidine-5-carboxylate (cas: 187035-79-6) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.HPLC of Formula: 187035-79-6

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Synthesis of Benzazolyl Pyrimidines Under Ultrasonication and Their Antimicrobial Activity was written by Kayathi, Narendra Babu;Sowmya, Donthamsetty V.;Adivireddy, Padmaja;Venkatapuram, Padmavathi. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2018.Related Products of 40230-24-8 This article mentions the following:

The benzoxazolyl/benzothiazolyl/benzimidazolyl pyrimidines were prepared under ultrasonication in the presence of pyridine/dimethylaminopyridine and triethylamine. Better yields were recorded in 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)pyridine and Et₃N. The presence of electron withdrawing chloro, bromo, and nitro substituents enhanced antimicrobial activity (N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-4,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl) pyrimidin-2-amine, N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-4,6-bis(4-nitrophenyl) pyrimidin-2-amine, N-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4,6-bis(4-nitrophenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine: min. inhibitory concentration = 6.25 μg/well against Bacillus subtilis; N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-ylmethyl)-4,6-bis(4-nitrophenyl) pyrimidin-2-amine, N-((1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-4,6-bis(4-nitrophenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine: min. inhibitory concentration = 6.25 μg/well against Aspergillus niger). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Related Products of 40230-24-8).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.Related Products of 40230-24-8

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidine derivatives. I. Synthesis of thiazolo[5,4-d]-pyrimidines and related compounds. 1 was written by Takahashi, Torizo;Naito, Takio;Inoue, Shoji. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1958.Reference of 69785-94-0 This article mentions the following:

The title compounds were prepared as possible purine antagonists through derivatives of 4-thiocyano-5-nitropyrimidine (I) or 4-mercapto-5-aminopyrimidine (II) as intermediates. The 2,4-Cl₂ derivative (III) of 5-nitropyrimidine (IV) (1.94 g.) in 5 cc. AcOH stirred 15 min. at 10° with 0.97 g. KSCN and the mixture poured into ice water yielded 1.84 g. 2-Cl derivative (V) of I, m. 141° (C₆H₆). V (2 g.) in 10 cc. MeOH or EtOH refluxed 5 hrs. on a water bath gave unexpectedly 5-nitrouracil, m. above 300°. However, 5 g. V added below 10° to 100 cc. EtOH containing 1.2 g. Na, the mixture stirred 2 hrs., the EtOH distilled, the residue diluted with H₂O, and extracted with ether yielded from the extract 1.8-2.0 g. 2,4-(EtO)₂ derivative (VI) of IV containing 2 moles EtONa, m. 45° (also prepared from III with EtONa), and from the acidified aqueous layer 2-2.5 g. 2,4-(EtO)(HS) derivative (VII) of IV, m. 133°. Similarly, 1.1 g. V added to 30 cc. MeOH containing 0.25 g. Na at 0° yielded 0.75 g. 2,4-(MeO)₂ derivative (VIII) of IV, m. 95°. V (4.3 g.) in 60 cc. EtOH added dropwise at 0-5° to 1 mole EtSNa in 30 cc. EtOH gave after 2 hrs. at room temperature and concentration to 1/3 volume 2-(EtS) derivative (IX) of I, m. 131°. VI (3 g.) (or VIII) in 15 cc. AcOH heated 1 hr. at 60° on a water bath with 3 g. Fe powder, the filtrate from the mixture evaporated in vacuo, and the residue diluted with H₂O and extracted with ether yielded 2.1 g. 2,4-(EtO)₂ derivative of 5-aminopyrimidine (X), m. 64° [or the 2,4-(MeO)₂ derivative of X, m. 89°. IX (0.3 g.) similarly reduced with Fe and AcOH yielded through ring closure 0.24 g. 2,5-H₂N(EtS) derivative of thiazolo[5,4-d]-pyrimidine (XI), m. 123°; Ac derivative, m. 125-6°. VII (1.2 g.) in 5 cc. 10% NaOH stirred 15 min. at 50° with 5-7 g. Na₂S₂O₄, cooled, and extracted with AcOEt yielded 0.7 g. 2-EtO derivative of II, m. 127°, and this (0.2 g.) refluxed 2 hrs. with 5 cc. HCO₂H (or 5 cc. Ac₂O), excess reagent removed in vacuo, and the residue made alk. and extracted with ether was cyclized to 0.09 g. 5-EtO derivative (XII) of XI, m. 95° [or 0.1 g. 2-Me derivative (XIII) of XII, m. 93°]. VII (0.5 g.) refluxed 15 hrs. with K methylxanthate (from 0.32 g. CS₂ shaken with 0.3 g. KOH in 2 cc. H₂O and 10 cc. MeOH), the mixture concentrated on a water bath, diluted with 5 cc. H₂O, and neutralized with AcOH yielded 0.5 g. 2-HS derivative (XIV) of XII, m. about 234°, decompose above 280°. XIV (0.2 g.) refluxed 30 min. with 0.07 g. KOH in 15 cc. dilute EtOH and 0.11 g. EtBr (or 0.12 g. PhCH₂Br), the solvent removed, and the resulting oil extracted with ether yielded 0.19 g. 2-EtS derivative of XII, m. 66° [or (omitting the ether extraction) 0.22 g. 2-PhCH₂S derivative of XII, m. 102°]. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 69785-94-0Reference of 69785-94-0).

5-Aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 69785-94-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.Reference of 69785-94-0

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia