The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, 65-86-1, formula is C5H4N2O4, Name is 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid. including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. Recommanded Product: 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid.
Ohtsu, Naoko;Ohgaki, Ryuichi;Jin, Chunhuan;Xu, Minhui;Okanishi, Hiroki;Takahashi, Ryo;Matsui, Akiko;Kishimoto, Wataru;Ishiguro, Naoki;Kanai, Yoshikatsu research published 《 Functional coupling of organic anion transporter OAT10 (SLC22A13) and monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 (SLC16A1) influencing the transport function of OAT10》, the research content is summarized as follows. OAT10 (SLC22A13) is a transporter highly expressed in renal tubules and transporting organic anions including nicotinate, β-hydroxybutyrate, ρ-aminohippurate, and orotate. In transport assays using Xenopus oocytes and HEK293 cells, we found that apparent substrate selectivity of OAT10 was different between the expression systems, particularly less pronounced uptake of β-hydroxybutyrate in HEK293 cells. Because functional coupling between transporters may interfere with functional properties of the transporter, we searched for endogenous transporters in HEK293 cells that could affect OAT10. By means of comprehensive approach with co-immunoprecipitation followed by LC-MS/MS anal., we identified monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 (SLC16A1) as phys. coupled with OAT10. The knockdown of MCT1 in OAT10-expressing HEK293 cells increased the uptake of β-hydroxybutyrate and nicotinate, common substrates of OAT10 and MCT1, whereas the uptake of orotate, a substrate of only OAT10, was not affected. MCT1 is supposed to act as an escape route and mediate the efflux of nicotinate and β-hydroxybutyrate taken up by OAT10 localized nearby MCT1, as suggested by co-immunoprecipitation This functional coupling would explain altered apparent substrate selectivity in HEK293 cells compared with Xenopus oocytes. The findings in this study warn in transporter studies that the expression system can interfere with assessing correct transport properties due to unexpected interactions with endogenous transporters.
Recommanded Product: 2,6-Dioxo-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid, Orotic acid anhydrous is a hydrogen bonding interaction that can be found in biological systems. It plays a role in the physiological effects of orotic acid, which is a metabolite of uridine and an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Orotic acid has antimicrobial properties and has been shown to inhibit enzyme activities involved in energy metabolism, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Orotic acid also inhibits the growth of bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Orotic acid anhydrous is used for treating myocardial infarcts or brain functions. The untreated group was given no treatment at all.
Orotic acid, also known as orotate or orotsaeure, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. These are pyrimidines with a structure containing a carboxyl group attached to the pyrimidine ring. Orotic acid exists as a solid, slightly soluble (in water), and a moderately acidic compound (based on its pKa). Orotic acid has been found in human liver and pancreas tissues, and has also been primarily detected in saliva, feces, urine, and blood. Within the cell, orotic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Orotic acid exists in all eukaryotes, ranging from yeast to humans. Orotic acid participates in a number of enzymatic reactions. In particular, Orotic acid can be biosynthesized from L-dihydroorotic acid and quinone; which is mediated by the enzyme dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial. In addition, Orotic acid and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate can be converted into orotidylic acid through its interaction with the enzyme uridine monophosphate synthetase isoform a. In humans, orotic acid is involved in the pyrimidine metabolism pathway. Orotic acid is also involved in several metabolic disorders, some of which include the mngie (mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy) pathway, dihydropyrimidinase deficiency, UMP synthase deficiency (orotic aciduria), and Beta ureidopropionase deficiency. Outside of the human body, orotic acid can be found in a number of food items such as green vegetables, alaska blueberry, chickpea, and colorado pinyon. This makes orotic acid a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products. Orotic acid is a potentially toxic compound. Orotic acid has been found to be associated with several diseases known as phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase deficiency 1, cytosolic and hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria; orotic acid has also been linked to several inborn metabolic disorders including n-acetylglutamate synthetase deficiency, lysinuric protein intolerance, and ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency.
Orotic acid appears as white crystals or crystalline powder.
Orotic acid is a pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. It has a role as a metabolite, an Escherichia coli metabolite and a mouse metabolite. It derives from a uracil. It is a conjugate acid of an orotate., 65-86-1.
Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia