Category: pyrimidines

The strength and directionality of a halogen bond are co-determined by the magnitude and size of the σ-hole was written by Kolar, Michal;Hostas, Jiri;Hobza, Pavel. And the article was included in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics in 2014.Recommanded Product: 16879-39-3 This article mentions the following:

The σ-holes of halogen atoms on various aromatic scaffolds were described in terms of their size and magnitude. The electrostatic potential maps at the CAM-B3LYP-D3(bj)/def2-QZVP level were calculated and the σ-holes of >100 aromatic analogs were thoroughly analyzed to relate the σ-holes to the binding preferences of the halogenated compounds Both the size and magnitude of the σ-hole increase when passing from chlorinated to iodinated analogs. Also, the σ-hole properties were studied upon chem. substitution of the aromatic ring as well as in the aromatic ring. Further, the angular variations of the interactions were studied on a selected set of halogenbenzene complexes with argon and hydrogen fluoride (HF). To analyze interaction energy components, DFT-SAPT angular scans were performed. The interaction energies of bromobenzene complexes were evaluated at the CCSD(T)/complete basis set level providing the benchmark energetic data. The strength of the halogen bond between halogenbenzenes and Ar atoms and HF mols. increases while its directionality decreases when passing from chlorine to iodine. The decrease of the directionality of the halogen bond is larger for a HF-containing complex and is caused by electrostatic and exchange-repulsion energies. These findings are especially valuable for protein-halogenated ligand-binding studies, applied in the realm of rational drug development and lead optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3Recommanded Product: 16879-39-3).

2-Bromo-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (cas: 16879-39-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Recommanded Product: 16879-39-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Development and evaluation of a semi-automatic single-step clean-up apparatus for rapid analysis of 18 antibiotics in fish samples was written by Mu, Shuhe;Teng, Tengwang;Zhou, Ruidong;Liu, Huan;Sun, Huiwu;Li, Jincheng. And the article was included in Journal of Food Composition and Analysis in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

Here we report a novel semi-automatic pre-treatment apparatus to fulfill a single-step clean-up aim for rapid quantification of 18 antibiotics in fish samples. Trimethoprim and 17 sulfonamides were extracted from fish samples by acetonitrile solution based on ultrasonic-assisted extraction Cheap anal. filtration syringe (CAFS) clean-up column was used to fulfill single-step clean-up of the extract which was set on the developed semi-automatic clean-up apparatus This semi-automatic clean-up apparatus is quite convenient for single-step purification by precisely controlling the flow rate of the extracts, in which up to 10 samples can be purified in parallel at one time. The time needed to clean sample was only about 2 min per 10 samples. Type of compatible purification column ranged from 1 mL (inner diameter x length, 5.6 x 55 mm) to 12 mL (inner diameter x length, 15.6 x 83 mm). The apparatus also did not need addnl. gas source such as nitrogen or air. After purification, the analytes were simultaneously separated and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatog./quadrupole-linear ion trap tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTRAP-MS/MS). The limits of detections ranged from 0.5 to 1.0μg kg-1, and the limits of quantifications ranged from 1.0 to 5.0μg kg-1. All the recoveries ranged from 81.39% to 116.01%. Intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) were lower than 14% for all analytes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Application In Synthesis of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

A theoretical investigation on the reactivity of 6-amino-3-methylpyrimidin-4(3H)-ones towards DMAD. Tandem Diels-Alder retro Diels-Alder (DA/RDA) reaction was written by Cobo, Justo;Melguizo, Manuel;Nogueras, Manuel;Sanchez, Adolfo;Dobado, Jose A.;Nonella, Marco. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1996.COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS This article mentions the following:

The reactivity of 6-aminopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones towards DMAD is successfully explained by theor. investigation (PM3 semiempirical methods). All the PM3 results (activation energies (AE) for the transition states and the heat of formation (ΔH) for the products) support our previous exptl. work. In those reactions two main products were obtained: the pyridine derivatives as major ones, which are formed by a tandem DA/RDA reaction with extrusion of the Me isocyanate fragment; and 5-ethenylpyrimidin-4(3H)-ones as minor ones, which arose from a Michael addition, being in competition with the above normal DA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS).

6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Design and synthesis of quinoline-pyrimidine inspired hybrids as potential plasmodial inhibitors was written by Kayamba, Francis;Malimabe, Teboho;Ademola, Idowu Kehinde;Pooe, Ofentse Jacob;Kushwaha, Narva Deshwar;Mahlalela, Mavela;van Zyl, Robyn L.;Gordon, Michelle;Mudau, Pertunia T.;Zininga, Tawanda;Shonhai, Addmore;Nyamori, Vincent O.;Karpoormath, Rajshekhar. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2021.Reference of 40230-24-8 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel N-(7-chloroquinolin-4-yl)-N’-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl)alkanediamine hybrids I (R = Me, MeO, OH; R¹ = 4-Cl, 4-MeO, 4-OH, 3,4-(MeO)₂; 3,4-OH₂; n = 2, 3, 4) and II (R² = H, 4-Me, 4-MeO, 3,4-(MeO)₂, 4-OH; R³ = H, 4-Cl, 4-MeO, 4-OH, 3,4-(MeO)₂; 3,4-OH₂) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against the NF54 chloroquine-susceptible strain as a promising class of antimalarial compounds The antiplasmodial screening revealed that seven analogs showed promising to good activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) = 0.32μM-4.30μM. Compound I (R = OH; R¹ = 4-OH; n = 4) (III) with 1,4-diamine Bu linker and 4-hydroxyl Ph on fourth and sixth position of pyrimidine core showed the most prominent activity with an IC₅₀ value of 0.32 ± 0.06μM, with a favorable safety profile of 9.79 to human kidney epithelial (HEK293) cells. The remaining six analogs showed moderate activity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 7.50μM to 83.01μM. Further, the binding affinities of the mols. to two essential cytosolic P. falciparum heat shock protein 70 homologues; PfHsp70-1 and PfHsp70-z were investigated. Compound (III) exhibited the highest binding affinity for both PfHsp70s with KD in a lower nanomolar range (4.4-11.4 nM). Furthermore, mol. docking revealed that compounds I (R = OH; R¹ = 3,4-OH₂; n = 4), II (R² = R³ = 4-MeO, 3,4-(MeO)₂) and (III) exhibited better fitness in PfHsp70-1 with compound (III) showing the highest and lowest binding scores of -9.8 kcal/mol. Therefore, it is speculated that PfHsp70-1 is one of the targets of these inhibitors. The bioisoteric replacement of the groups at Ph ring at the fourth and sixth position of the pyrimidine core had a constructive association with antiplasmodial activity. The promising antiplasmodial activity of the synthesized analogs illustrates how crucial mol. hybridization is as a strategy in the development of quinoline-pyrimidine hybrids as prospective antiprotozoal agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Reference of 40230-24-8).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Reference of 40230-24-8

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

A fluorene-modified porphyrin for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells was written by Wu, Cheng-Hua;Pan, Tsung-Yu;Hong, Shang-Hao;Wang, Chin-Li;Kuo, Hshin-Hui;Chu, Yang-Yun;Diau, Eric Wei-Guang;Lin, Ching-Yao. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2012.Quality Control of 2-Ethynylpyrimidine This article mentions the following:

Porphyrins bearing a polyaromatic or a heterocyclic group are prepared to study their fundamental and photovoltaic properties. Solar cells sensitized with a fluorene-modified porphyrin outperform other dyes in the series, reaching �0% efficiency of N719 dye. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Ethynylpyrimidine (cas: 37972-24-0Quality Control of 2-Ethynylpyrimidine).

2-Ethynylpyrimidine (cas: 37972-24-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. As nucleotides in DNA and RNA, pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.Quality Control of 2-Ethynylpyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

4-Amino-2-methylthio-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine and its 1-methyl derivative and 4-amino-2-methoxy-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine and its 5-nitroso derivative was written by Low, John N.;Scrimgeour, Sheelagh N.;Egglishaw, Clare;Howie, R. Alan;Moreno-Carretero, Miguel N.;Hueso-Urena, Francisco. And the article was included in Acta Crystallographica, Section C: Crystal Structure Communications in 1994.COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS This article mentions the following:

The structures of 4-amino-2-methylthio-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine trihydrate (triclinic, space group P1̅), 4-amino-1-methyl-2-methylthio-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine (monoclinic, space group P2₁/c), 4-amino-2-methoxy-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine (monoclinic, space group P2₁/n) and 4-amino-2-methoxy-1-methyl-5-nitroso-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine monohydrate (triclinic, space group P1̅) show that, as has been reported for analogous compounds, there is extensive electron delocalization in the pyrimidine rings of all 4 compounds At. coordinates are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS).

6-Amino-3-methyl-2-(methylthio)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one (cas: 54030-56-7) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. Pyrimidine derivatives also play an important role in drug development, either in concert with other compounds or on their own.COA of Formula: C6H9N3OS

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Proton and carbon-13 NMR study of substituted pyrimidines. I. Substituent effects in methylated and aminated derivatives was written by Riand, J.;Chenon, M. T.;Lumbroso-Bader, N.. And the article was included in Organic Magnetic Resonance in 1977.Reference of 1193-74-4 This article mentions the following:

Substituent effects of Me and NH₂ groups on the chem. shifts of pyrimidine were studied by ¹H and ¹³C NMR and compared with data obtained for C₆H₆ and pyridine. Chem. shifts calculated by the additivity relation agree with exptl. values except for hindered pyrimidines. The ¹³C NMR spectra of some trisubstituted pyrimidines were assigned. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 1193-74-4Reference of 1193-74-4).

4,5-Dimethylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 1193-74-4) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Reference of 1193-74-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Microbiological inhibition-based method for screening and identifying of antibiotic residues in milk, chicken egg and honey was written by Wu, Qin;Shabbir, Muhammad Abu Bakr;Peng, Dapeng;Yuan, Zonghui;Wang, Yulian. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2021.Electric Literature of C11H12N4O3S This article mentions the following:

This present study was designed to develop a novel microbiol. inhibition-based method for the rapid screening and identification of antibiotic residues in milk, chicken egg and honey. Geobacillus stearothermophilus C953 was used as test bacterium in the detection system of this study. The optimization of nutrients and other supplements were performed to promote the growth of test bacterium and thus shorten the detection time. Furthermore, the synergetic agents were added to improve the sensitivity of test bacterium to more antibiotics. Addnl., confirmatory solutions such as β-lactamase, p-aminobenzoic acid, MgSO4 and cysteine were added to classify and identify different kinds of antibiotics. We observed that the LOD of this detection system was at or close to maximum residue limits established by EU for β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides and quinolones in milk. The LOD of different kinds of antibiotics in chicken egg was less than or similar to the MRL and the LOD of Premitest (except sulfonamides). For honey, there are no MRL, the LOD was less than or similar to the recommended concentration and the LOD of Premitest. Noteworthy, the detection system also can identify these six kinds of antibiotics in milk, chicken egg and honey, and there were satisfactory results of specificity experiments and confirmation experiments by LC-MS/MS. Accordingly, the present study provides a reliable preliminary characterization of antibiotic residues in animal foods and improves the detection efficiency for the following chem. confirmation experiments by HPLC, LC-MS/MS, immunol. and receptor-based tests. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Electric Literature of C11H12N4O3S).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. A Cu-catalyzed and 4-HO-TEMPO-mediated [3 + 3] annulation of commercially available amidines with saturated ketones enables an efficient and facile synthesis of structurally important pyrimidines via a cascade reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation/annulation/oxidative aromatization.Electric Literature of C11H12N4O3S

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Antibiotics in the surface water of Shanghai, China: screening, distribution, and indicator selecting was written by Zhu, Feng;Wang, Siqi;Liu, Yujie;Wu, Minghong;Wang, Hongyong;Xu, Gang. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2021.Related Products of 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

The widespread existence of antibiotics has caused inevitable influence on ecol. and humans. In this study, we screened the most commonly used antibiotics, and 64 antibiotics were detected in Shanghai, an international metropolis. Most of the target substances were detected in all 46 water samples including main rivers and districts in Shanghai, with concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 502.43 ng L^-1. In particular, sulfadiazine (502.43 ng L^-1) had the highest maximum concentration Besides, risk quotients based on fish suggested that sulfonamides had a medium risk (0.12) in Shanghai. Correlation studies had shown that most compounds with frequencies exceeding 60% were significantly pos. correlated with the total concentration Based on further anal., sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfapyridine were screened as indicators to reflect the pollution status of antibiotics in Shanghai for a long time. The screening conditions for these indicators include detection rate (> 60%), maximum concentration (> 100 ng L^-1), RQ (> 0.01), and correlation (> 0). In addition, population d. may be the main factor for antibiotic pollution through regional comparison. In a word, this work can systematically reflect the overall situation of Shanghai antibiotics and provide support for global data comparison in the future. Meanwhile, we provided the potential indicators that can be applied in the long term and economical monitoring of antibiotics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Related Products of 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.Related Products of 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

2-Amino- and 2-guanidino-4-thiazolylpyrimidines was written by Lipinski, Christopher A.;Craig, Rebecca H.;Wright, Roger B.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1985.SDS of cas: 75833-38-4 This article mentions the following:

Synthesis of the four amino- and guanidinothiazolylpyrimidines I [R,R¹ = NH₂, NHC(:NH)NH₂] is described and pKa values are calculated Guanidinopyrimidines are more basic than guanidinothiazoles. However, the reverse is true of the amino heterocycles; the aminothiazole is more basic than the aminopyrimidine. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4SDS of cas: 75833-38-4).

2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidines are isomeric with two other forms of diazines: pyridazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 2 positions; and pyrazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 4 positions. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.SDS of cas: 75833-38-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia