Category: pyrimidines

COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts on Humans Taking Antibiotics in China was written by Hu, Yu;Wei, Xianping;Zhu, Qingqing;Li, Lingxiangyu;Liao, Chunyang;Jiang, Guibin. And the article was included in Environmental Science & Technology in 2022.Related Products of 1220-83-3 This article mentions the following:

The outbreak of the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in the increased human consumption of medicines. Antibiotics are of great concern due to their adverse effects, such as increased bacterial resistance and dysbiosis of gut microbiota. Nevertheless, very little is known about the changes in self-medication with antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic and the resultant potential health risks. Herein, we examined the concentration profiles of some commonly used antibiotics in human urine collected from several geog. regions in China between 2020 and 2021. Antibiotics were found in 99.2% of the urine samples at concentrations ranging from not detected (nd) to 357 000 (median: 10.2) ng/mL. During the COVID-19 pandemic, concentrations of urinary antibiotics were remarkably higher than those found either before the pandemic or in the smooth period of the pandemic. Moreover, elevated levels of antibiotics were determined in urine samples from the regions with more confirmed cases. The exposure assessment showed that hazard index values >1 were determined in 35.2% of people. These findings show that human exposure to antibiotics increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and further research is imperative to identify the public health risks. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Related Products of 1220-83-3).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities.Related Products of 1220-83-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Pyrimidines. XIII. 2- and 6-Substituted 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids was written by Daves, G. Doyle Jr.;O’Brien, Darrell E.;Lewis, Leland R.;Cheng, C. C.. And the article was included in Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 1964.Application In Synthesis of 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile This article mentions the following:

The abnormal behavior of 4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinol towards HONO has been clarified. The reaction between 4-methyl-2-pyrimidinol and HONO has been utilized as a new synthetic procedure for the preparation of several 2-substituted 4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids. 2-Hydroxy-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid has also been prepared from 4-chloro-2-methylthiopyrimidine via the trimethylammonium intermediate. 6-Amino-and 6-thio-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acids have been readily prepared from the previously reported 6-hydroxy-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4Application In Synthesis of 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile).

2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Application In Synthesis of 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Selective mono-amination of dichlorodiazines was written by Sengmany, Stephane;Lebre, Julie;Le Gall, Erwan;Leonel, Eric. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 2015.Safety of 4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine This article mentions the following:

3,6-Dichloropyridazine, 4,6-dichloropyrimidine, 2,4-dichloropyrimidine, and 3,5-dichloropyridazine underwent chemoselective monosubstitution reactions with amines using triethylamine as a base in ethanol at either ambient temperature or reflux to give monoamino monochloro pyridazines and pyrimidines. The methodol. is general and efficient despite noticeable differences in reactivity between diazines; while dichloropyridazine and dichloropyrazine require several hours of heating at reflux for the reaction to proceed, dichloropyrimidines reach completion within minutes at room temperature In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine (cas: 62968-37-0Safety of 4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine).

4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine (cas: 62968-37-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine derivatives can easily interact with enzymes, genetic materials, and bio components within the cell. Pyrimidine derivatives have been used in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals including general anesthetics, anti-epilepsy medication, anti-malaria medication, drugs for treating high blood pressure, and HIV medication.Safety of 4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Simultaneous analysis of 21 sulfonamides, trimethoprim, ormetoprim, and dapsone in fish and shrimp samples by LC-MS/MS using the QuEChERS method was written by Hong, Songhee;Kwon, Namji;Kang, Hui-Seung;Jang, Eunyoung;Kim, Hyojeong;Han, Eunyoung. And the article was included in International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry.Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

Antibiotics and antibacterials, including sulfonamides, are components of the veterinary armamentarium used to prevent and treat diseases in seafood. However, the accumulation of veterinary drug residues in seafood can cause food safety concerns. This study aimed to verify the quant. anal. method for sulfonamides, trimethoprim, ormetoprim, and dapsone in seafood and to apply it to fish and shrimp distributed in Korean market. In the present study, three types of matrixes (shrimp, flatfish, and eels) were used to detect drugs (n = 25) (sulfonamides (n = 21), trimethoprim, ormetoprim, dapsone, and monoacetyldapsone). Matrixes were extracted with acetonitrile and mixed with 2 g of magnesium sulfate and 1 g of sodium acetate. After agitation, supernatants were mixed with 300 mg of C18 and centrifuged again. Then the supernatant was evaporated, dissolved in 50% methanol, and filtered through a PTFE filter. Extracts (5 μl) were then injected into the liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry system. The method was validated in terms of limit of detection, limit of quantitation, decision limit, decision capability, matrix effects, intra/inter-day accuracies, precisions, and stabilities and the method was applied to fish and shrimp sold in the Korean market. The validation results were found to be satisfactory. As a result of applying the validated method to fish and shrimp samples purchased from the Korean market, sulfacetamide, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfanilamide were detected in shrimp samples. The devised method for analyzing antibiotics in seafood samples enables antibiotic detection in fish samples distributed in the global market and should aid the adoption of preventative measures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. Pyrimidine derivatives also play an important role in drug development, either in concert with other compounds or on their own.Safety of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Heterocyclic amplifiers of phleomycin. I. Some pyrimidinylpurines, pyrimidinylpteridines and phenylpyrimidines was written by Brown, Desmond J.;Cowden, William B.;Lan, Shu Bin;Mori, Kenya. And the article was included in Australian Journal of Chemistry in 1984.Synthetic Route of C5H2ClN3 This article mentions the following:

Synthetic routes are described to 5,6-diamino-2,4′-bipyrimidin-4-ones and thence to 2-(pyrimidin-4-yl)purines and 2-(pyrimidin-4-yl)pteridines, some of which bear an S or N-linked basic side chain; also reported are routes to a series of phenyl- and diphenylpyrimidines, with similar S-, N-, or O-linked side chains. Members of all the above systems show activity as amplifiers of phleomycin in a bacterial screen but the phenylpyrimidines with a sulfur-linked side chain are especially active. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4Synthetic Route of C5H2ClN3).

2-Chloropyrimidine-4-carbonitrile (cas: 75833-38-4) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidine also found in many synthetic compounds such as barbiturates and the HIV drug, zidovudine. For example, the neurotoxin tetrodotoxin is a pyrimidine derivative. It is found in a number of species including the Japanese puffer fish, the blue-ringed octopus, and the orange-bellied newt. Tetrodotoxin prevents the transmission of nerve signals and can result in paralysis and death.Synthetic Route of C5H2ClN3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Elucidation and evaluation of substituted pyrimidines was written by Umaa, K.;Ramanathan, M.;Krishnakumar, K.;Kannan, K.. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine This article mentions the following:

The title compounds I (R¹ = H, Cl, Me, MeO; R² = H, Cl, Me, MeO) were synthesized via condensation of acetophenones R¹C₆H₄C(O)Me with aromatic aldehydes R²C₆H₄CHO followed by cyclocondensation of the intermediate chalcones with guanidine hydrochloride. The compounds I were evaluated for antimicrobial and antimycobacterial activity using Kirby bauer method and Alamar blue assay technique. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8Recommanded Product: 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine).

4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine (cas: 40230-24-8) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine nitrogenous bases are derived from the organic compound pyrimidine through the addition of various functional groups. We all know its importance to life – pyrimidine and purine bases are included in the structure of DNA and RNA.Recommanded Product: 4,6-Diphenylpyrimidin-2-amine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Discovery of 4-anilino-N-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and 4-anilino-N-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potent apoptosis inducers was written by Kemnitzer, William;Sirisoma, Nilantha;May, Chris;Tseng, Ben;Drewe, John;Cai, Sui Xiong. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2009.Category: pyrimidines This article mentions the following:

We report the discovery of N-((benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methyl)-6-phenylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-amine (2a) as an apoptosis inducer using our proprietary cell- and caspase-based ASAP HTS assay, and SAR study of HTS hit 2a which led to the discovery of 4-anilino-N-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidines and 4-anilino-N-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as potent apoptosis inducers. Compounds 5d and 5e were the most potent with EC₅₀ values of 0.008 and 0.004 μM in T47D human breast cancer cells, resp. Compound 5d was found to be highly active in the MX-1 breast cancer model. Functionally, compounds 5d and 5e both induced apoptosis through inhibition of tubulin polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 175137-21-0Category: pyrimidines).

4-Chloro-7-methylthieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine (cas: 175137-21-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Drugs having the pyrimidine motif have manifested to exhibit gratifying biological activity like anticancer, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antihypertensive activities.Category: pyrimidines

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Continuous-flow reactors for the rapid evolution and validation of kinetic motifs was written by Hone, Christopher A.;Bourne, Richard A.;Muller, Frans L.. And the article was included in Chimica Oggi in 2015.Product Details of 62968-37-0 This article mentions the following:

In this paper we apply the concept of a kinetic motif as a simple way to represent all the lime-dependent behavior in a single-step or multi-step reaction system. Small-scale continuous-flow reactors offer the potential to rapidly collect large amounts of data while accessing conventionally challenging exptl. conditions. The scope of the approach is demonstrated on reaction case study examples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine (cas: 62968-37-0Product Details of 62968-37-0).

4-(2-Chloropyrimidin-4-yl)morpholine (cas: 62968-37-0) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. Pyrimidines are isomeric with two other forms of diazines: pyridazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 2 positions; and pyrazine, with the nitrogen atoms in the 1 and 4 positions. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.Product Details of 62968-37-0

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Novel and simple analytical method for simultaneous determination of sulfonamide, quinolone, tetracycline, macrolide, and chloramphenicol antibiotics in soil was written by Shi, Xiaomeng;Zhang, Shan;Zhang, Yanwei;Geng, Yue;Wang, Lu;Peng, Yi;He, Zeying. And the article was included in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

The multiclass determination of antibiotic residues in the soil is challenging because of its complex physicochem. properties. In this study, a simple anal. method was developed to simultaneously extract and determine 58 antibiotics from the soil. A novel acidity-regulated extraction-partition-concentration protocol was established for the simultaneous extraction of five classes (23 sulfonamides, 18 quinolones, five tetracyclines, eight macrolides, and four chloramphenicols) of antibiotics from the soil. Compared to traditional methods, the sample preparation efficiency was significantly improved by four times (45 min vs. 230 min) by optimizing the extraction method and omitting the time-consuming solid-phase extraction (SPE) procedure. The ultra-high-performance liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was optimized to determine the 58 antibiotics in a single run by applying pos./neg. switching acquisition mode in less than 10 min with the baseline separation of sulfameter and sulfamethoxypyridazine. Suitable recoveries, ranging between 60 and 120%, were obtained for most antibiotics, with RSD <20%. The limits of quantification (LOQ) of the method were 2μg/kg and 5μg/kg. Thus, this study provides a simple, reliable, and economical method for accurately and rapidly determining a multiclass of antibiotics in the soil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives. Therapy for fungal infections is based mainly on four classes of antifungals: azoles, echinocandins, polyenes, and pyrimidine analogs.Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Syringe purification with UPLC-MS/MS for detection of antibiotics in tea garden soil after long-term application of manure was written by Zheng, Binyu;Song, Ningying;Wu, Huizhen;Tong, Jianying;Sun, Nabo. And the article was included in Analytical Methods in 2022.Quality Control of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide This article mentions the following:

The residue of antibiotics in the soil is becoming more and more common, which may affect the normal growth of plants and organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the residues of antibiotics in tea gardens’ soil after a long-term application of manure. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to simultaneously determine the residues of 32 antibiotics in the soil of tea gardens after fertilization. The samples were extracted with methanol-acetonitrile and purified with C18 at the same time. Then, mixed dispersive sorbents dispersed in a syringe were used for the second purification The results showed that the antibiotics have a good linear relationship within the range. The recovery rate is 70.1-120.3%. The applicability of the method was demonstrated by analyzing 30 real samples (with a detection rate of 43.3%). The method is a simple and environmentally friendly method for the anal. of multiple antibiotics in soils, and it could provide a basis for the risk assessment of antibiotics in agricultural environments and the standard application of organic fertilizers in tea gardens. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3Quality Control of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide).

4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide (cas: 1220-83-3) belongs to pyrimidine derivatives. The aromatic compound pyrimidine, and its derivatives, are ubiquitous in nature. They are found in nucleic acids, vitamins, amino acids, antibiotics, alkaloids, and a variety of toxins. Pyrimidine derivatives have been used in a wide variety of pharmaceuticals including general anesthetics, anti-epilepsy medication, anti-malaria medication, drugs for treating high blood pressure, and HIV medication.Quality Control of 4-Amino-N-(6-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)benzenesulfonamide

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia