Category: pyrimidines

In 2006,Plant disease included an article by Luan, Y S; Feng, L; An, L J. Formula: C6H7N3O2S. The article was titled 《First Report of Blueberry Leaf Spot Caused by Cylindrocladium colhounii in China.》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

During late July and early August of 2005, leaf spot symptoms were observed in a blueberry nursery at a plantation in Dalian, which to our knowledge, lies within the largest blueberry-production area in China. Symptoms were observed primarily on lowbush species, for example Blomidon, as well as half-highbush cultivars. A slow-growing, white mycelium from the margin of necrotic leaf spots was recovered on potato dextrose agar (PDA). The following morphological traits were observed: erect conidiophores that branch twice and were terminated in a stiped, clavate phialide; hyaline, cylindrical, four-celled conidia; and globose, reddish brown, aggregated chlamydospores. Conidiophores (including stipes and terminal phialides) were 305 to 420 × 5 to 9 μm; primary branches were 9 to 45 × 5 to 6.3 μm; secondary branches were 9 to 17.3 × 3.1 to 4.5 μm; phialides were 7.8 to 17.5 × 2.5 to 6 μm; stipes (from the highest branch area to vesicle) were 150 to 270 μm long; and vesicles were 13 to 30 × 2 to 4.5 μm. Conidia were 50 to 72 × 4 to 5.5 μm. Chlamydospores were 15 to 20 μm in diameter. Koch’s postulates were fulfilled by spray inoculating two healthy cultivars with conidiophores homogenized in axenic water. As a control, two healthy plants were sprayed with axenic water. Plants were placed inside plastic bags to maintain humidity and incubated in a growth chamber at 26°C under fluorescent light for 14 h and 20°C in darkness for 10 h. After 2 days, the plastic bags were removed and plants were maintained under the same conditions. After 4 days, small-to-medium brown spots with purplish margins were observed on the adaxial side of leaves from inoculated plants, but not from control plants. Fungi isolated from these lesions had the same morphological traits as the ones isolated previously from field plants. The morphological descriptions and measurements were similar to Cylindorocladium colhounii (2). The 5.8S subunit and flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA and the β-tubulin gene were amplified from DNA extracted from single-spore cultures using the ITS1/ITS4 primers and T1/Bt2b primers, respectively, and sequenced (1). The ITS and β-tubulin gene sequences were similar to C. colhounii STE-U 1237 (99%; GenBank Accession Number AF231953) and C. colhounii STE-U 705 (99%; GenBank Accession Number AF231954), respectively. The morphology, secondary conidiation, and sequences of ITS and β-tubulin gene identify the causal fungus as C. colhounii. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. colhounii on blueberry in China or in the world. References: (1) P. W. Crous et al. Can. J. Bot. 77:1813, 1999. (2) T. Watanabe. Page 222 in: Dictorial Atlas of Soil and Seed Fungi. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fl, 1994. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as 4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid(cas: 771-81-3Formula: C6H7N3O2S)

4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid(cas: 771-81-3) belongs to anime.Typically the presence of an amine functional group is deduced by a combination of techniques, including mass spectrometry as well as NMR and IR spectroscopies. 1H NMR signals for amines disappear upon treatment of the sample with D2O. In their infrared spectrum primary amines exhibit two N-H bands, whereas secondary amines exhibit only one.Formula: C6H7N3O2S

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

《Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium Study of the Monochlorobenzene-4,6-Dichloropyrimidine Binary System》 was written by Haaz, Eniko; Fozer, Daniel; Thangaraj, Ravikumar; Szori, Milan; Mizsey, Peter; Toth, Andras Jozsef. Formula: C4H2Cl2N2This research focused onvapor liquid equilibrium monochlorobenzene dichloropyrimidine binary system. The article conveys some information:

The number of newly synthesized and produced organic chems. has increased extremely quickly. However, the measurements of their phys. properties, including their vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data, are time-consuming. It so happens that there is no phys. property data about a brand-new chem. Therefore, the importance of calculating their physicochem. properties has been playing a more and more important role. 4,6-Dichloropyrimidine (DCP) is also a relatively new mol. of high industrial importance with little existing data. Therefore, their measurements and the comparison with the calculated data are of paramount concern. DCP is a widespread heterocyclic moiety that is present in synthetic pharmacophores with biol. activities as well as in numerous natural products. Isobaric VLE for the binary system of 4,6-dichloropyrimidine and its main solvent monochlorobenzene (MCB) was measured using a vapor condensate and liquid circulation VLE apparatus for the first time in the literature. D. functional-based VLE was calculated using the COSMO-SAC protocol to verify the laboratory results. The COSMO-SAC calculation was found to be capable of representing the VLE data with high accuracy. Adequate agreement between the exptl. and calculated VLE data was acquired with a minimal deviation of 3.0 x 10-3, which allows for broader use of the results. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of 4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1Formula: C4H2Cl2N2)

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1) is a member of organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. They are generally not present in crude oils and are typically the result of additives, cleaning solutions or chemicals used for oil recovery.Formula: C4H2Cl2N2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Hu, Xiaohan; Tang, Sheng; Yang, Feiyi; Zheng, Pengwu; Xu, Shan; Pan, Qingshan; Zhu, Wufu published their research in Molecules in 2021. The article was titled 《Design, synthesis, and antitumor activity of olmutinib derivatives containing acrylamide moiety》.Synthetic Route of C4HCl3N2 The article contains the following contents:

Two series of olmutinib derivatives containing an acrylamide moiety I [R1 = 3-NCC6H4NH, 3-MeOC6H4NH, 4-morpholino; R2 = C(O)CH=CH2, C(O)CH=CHMe, C(O)CH=CMe2, etc.; X = CH, N; R3 = H, CH2NMe2, CH2NEt2] were designed and synthesized and their IC50 values against cancer cell lines (A549, H1975, NCI-H460, LO2, and MCF-7) were evaluated. Most of the compounds I exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the five cancer cell lines. The most promising compound, I [R1 = 4-morpholinyl, R2 = C(O)CH=CHMe, X = N; R3 = CH2NMe2 (II)] showed not only excellent activity against EGFR kinase but also pos. biol. activity against PI3K kinase. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggested that the introduction of dimethylamine scaffolds with smaller spatial structures was more favorable for antitumor activity. Addnl., the substitution of different acrylamide side chains had different effects on the activity of compounds Generally, compounds I [R1 = 3-MeOC6H4NH, R2 = C(O)CH=CHMe, X = CH, R3 = H] and II were confirmed as promising antitumor agents. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of 2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine(cas: 3764-01-0Synthetic Route of C4HCl3N2)

2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine(cas: 3764-01-0) is a member of organic chlorides. Almost all organochlorine compounds are synthesized. It is widely used as intermediates, solvents and pesticides of chemical synthetic products.Synthetic Route of C4HCl3N2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In 2012,Plant disease included an article by Pan, R; Deng, Q; Xu, D; Ji, C; Deng, M; Chen, W. Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid. The article was titled 《First Report of Peanut Cylindrocladium Black Rot Caused by Cylindrocladium parasiticum in Fujian Province, Eastern China.》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

During late July and early August of 2010, a serious disease of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) resembling Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) was found in Longyan City, Fujian Province of Eastern China. Aboveground symptoms were chlorosis and yellowing of leaves, a black rot of the basal stem and pegs, and wilting of the vines. Underground plant parts (including pods, pegs, taproots, and hypocotyls) were blackened and rotted. Orange-to-reddish spherical fruiting bodies appeared on the lesions of the basal stems and pegs of peanut. Disease incidence was approximately 20%. A fungus was consistently isolated from the edge of lesions on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin and incubated at 25°C. The fungus produced white-to-pale buff mycelia with a yellowish brown pigment. Optimum growth of the fungus on PDA was at 25 to 30°C. Conidiophores were borne laterally on a stipe that terminated in a hyaline, globose vesicle measuring 5.5 × 10.9 μm in diameter. Conidia were hyaline, cylindrical, rounded at both ends, slightly wider at the base than at the apex, with one to three septa (mostly one septa), and measured 27.3 to 70.9 × 4.1 to 8.2 μm. Orange-to-reddish perithecia were readily formed in old cultures. The perithecia were subglobose to oval or obovate and measured 215.6 to 609.4 × 309.4 to 496.9 μm. The asci were hyaline, clavate, thin walled, long stalked, with each containing eight ascospores. Ascospores were hyaline, falcate, had one septum, and measured 27.3 to 54.5 × 4.1 to 6.8 μm. The fungus was identified as Cylindrocladium parasiticum Crous, M.J. Wingfield, & Alfenas (teleomorph Calonectria ilicicola) (1,2). The beta-tubulin gene fragment was amplified using the T1/Bt2b primers (3) and sequenced. The sequences of three isolates (GenBank Accession Numbers JF343965, JF429656, and JF429657), when compared with existing sequences in GenBank, had 95 to 99% sequence identity with Calonectria ilicicola (GenBank Accession Numbers AY725643 and AY725639). Pathogenicity tests were conducted by first culturing the fungus on wheat kernels for 2 weeks. Inoculated kernels were then used as inoculum and mixed with sterilized soil in a proportion of 1:20 by weight in plastic pots (10 × 9 cm). Noninoculated wheat kernels were mixed with sterilized soil in the same proportion and served as the control. Two-week-old peanut seedlings (cv. Yueyou Number 7) were transplanted into inoculated or noninoculated pots. There were five plants per pot and each treatment was replicated four times. The plants were incubated in a greenhouse at 25 ± 2°C. All of the treated plants exhibited typical basal stem and root rot symptoms of CBR 2 weeks after inoculation, while all of the control plants remained healthy. C. parasiticum was reisolated from the diseased plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CBR on peanut in Fujian Province in Eastern China. The disease has been previously reported in Guangdong Province in Southern China but is not known elsewhere (4). This pathogen may pose a serious threat to peanut production in China, where peanut is an important crop. References: (1) D. K. Bell and E. K. Sobers. Phytopathology 56:1361, 1966. (2) P. W. Crous et al. Mycol. Res. 97:889, 1993. (3) P. W. Crous et al. Can. J. Bot. 77:1813, 1999. (4) R. Pan et al. Plant Pathol. 58:1176, 2009. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid(cas: 771-81-3Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid)

4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid(cas: 771-81-3) belongs to anime. To avoid the problem of multiple alkylation, methods have been devised for “blocking” substitution so that only one alkyl group is introduced. The Gabriel synthesis is one such method; it utilizes phthalimide, C6H4(CO)2NH, whose one acidic hydrogen atom has been removed upon the addition of a base such as KOH to form a salt.Recommanded Product: 4-Amino-2-(methylthio)pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In 2016,Kim, Juae; Lee, Jihoon; Chae, Sangmin; Shim, Joo Young; Lee, Dal Yong; Kim, Il; Kim, Hyo Jung; Park, Sung Heum; Suh, Hongsuk published 《Conjugated polymers containing pyrimidine with electron withdrawing substituents for organic photovoltaics with high open-circuit voltage》.Polymer published the findings.Application In Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Polymers using 6-(2-thienyl)-4H-thieno[3,2-b]indole (TTI) with high planarity were synthesized and utilized for the photovoltaics. Push-pull types of conjugated polymers (PTTICN, PTTICNR and PTTIFR) containing TTI as electron pushing unit and 2-pyriminecarbonitrile or 2-fluoropyrimidine as electron pulling unit were synthesized. We designed pyrimidine derivatives with strong electron-withdrawing group (CN or fluorine) for the generation of strong electron pulling property. By the combination with the electron pushing unit, the pyrimidines with strong electron pulling units will provide low HOMO (HOMO) energy levels for higher open-circuit voltages (VOC). For the syntheses of the polymers, the electron pushing and the electron pulling units were combined by Stille coupling reaction with Pd(0)-catalyst. The polymers of PTTICN and PTTICNR with CN unit show higher VOC than the polymer with fluorine unit. The device comprising PTTICNR and PCBM (1:4) with diiodooctane (DIO) additive showed a VOC of 0.82 V, a JSC of 6.38 mA/cm2, and a fill factor (FF) of 0.53, giving a power conversion efficiency of 2.81%. In the experiment, the researchers used 2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine(cas: 3764-01-0Application In Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine)

2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine(cas: 3764-01-0) is a member of organic chlorides. Organic chloride content in crude oil can be detected through specialized laboratory analysis. Care and attention are essential while sampling and testing.Application In Synthesis of 2,4,6-Trichloropyrimidine

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In 2013,Skardziute, Lina; Kazlauskas, Karolis; Dodonova, Jelena; Bucevicius, Jonas; Tumkevicius, Sigitas; Jursenas, Saulius published 《Optical study of the formation of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based fluorescent nanoaggregates》.Tetrahedron published the findings.COA of Formula: C6H3Cl2N3 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives possessing different sterically-hindered end-groups at position 7 of the heterocycle were studied and compared with respect to nanoaggregate formation ability by the reprecipitation method in aqueous solutions The emergence of nanoaggregates with an increasing water fraction in THF/water mixture was traced by observing sudden changes in spectral and transient fluorescence dynamics accompanied by fluorescence efficiency turn-on. The aggregation induced emission with a maximal 20-fold emission efficiency enhancement was obtained. Tuning of the nanoaggregates sizes from about 50 nm to 600 nm by increasing the THF/water ratio was revealed by electron microscopy. Almost perfect spherical shapes of the nanoaggregates and their structureless fluorescence bands similar to those of their neat amorphous films suggested an amorphous-like nature of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine-based nanoparticles. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2,4-Dichloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine(cas: 90213-66-4COA of Formula: C6H3Cl2N3)

2,4-Dichloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine(cas: 90213-66-4) belongs to pyrimidine. The pyrimidine ring system has wide occurrence in nature as substituted and ring fused compounds and derivatives, including the nucleotides cytosine, thymine and uracil, thiamine (vitamin B1) and alloxan. COA of Formula: C6H3Cl2N3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

In 1967,Tetrahedron included an article by Kheifets, G. M.; Khromov-Borisov, N. V.; Kol’tsov, A. I.; Vol’kenhstein, M. V.. Related Products of 15726-38-2. The article was titled 《The proton magnetic resonance spectra and the structure of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine and its derivatives》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The proton N.M.R. spectra of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine and its 2- and 5-substituted derivatives have been compared with the spectra of their O- and N-methyl derivatives of fixed structures, corresponding to possible tautomeric forms. In a Me2SO medium the compounds exist predominantly in the oxohydroxy form. In aqueous solutions of 4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine and its N-methyl derivatives the bipolar-ionic form with delocalized charges probably predominates. 22 references. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Bromo-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine(cas: 15726-38-2Related Products of 15726-38-2)

5-Bromo-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine(cas: 15726-38-2) belongs to pyrimidine. Pyrimidine nucleotide derivatives have a wide range of biological applications. For example, pyrimidine derivatives are useful in DNA repair studies involving cancer and epigenetics.Related Products of 15726-38-2

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

《Reexamination of the application of linear free energy relationships to the azaheterocyclic systems. I. Substituent effects on the basicity of monocyclic azines》 was written by Tomasik, P.; Zalewski, R.. Electric Literature of C6H8N2O And the article was included in Chemicke Zvesti on April 30 ,1977. The article conveys some information:

The basicities of pyridines, pyrimidines, pyridazines, and pyrazines (180 compounds) were correlated with substituent effects by Hammett and Taft equations. Limitations of the LFER are discussed. In addition to this study using 2-Methoxy-4-methylpyrimidine, there are many other studies that have used 2-Methoxy-4-methylpyrimidine(cas: 14001-60-6Electric Literature of C6H8N2O) was used in this study.

2-Methoxy-4-methylpyrimidine(cas: 14001-60-6) is a member of ether. When aromatic ethers are exposed to halogen in the presence or absence of a catalyst, they undergo halogenation, such as bromination.Electric Literature of C6H8N2O

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Application of 1193-21-1In 2022 ,《Synthesis of Pyrimidine Conjugates with 4-(6-Amino-hexanoyl)-7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine and Evaluation of Their Antiviral Activity》 appeared in Molecules. The author of the article were Krasnov, Victor P.; Musiyak, Vera V.; Levit, Galina L.; Gruzdev, Dmitry A.; Andronova, Valeriya L.; Galegov, Georgii A.; Orshanskaya, Iana R.; Sinegubova, Ekaterina O.; Zarubaev, Vladimir V.; Charushin, Valery N.. The article conveys some information:

A series of pyrimidine conjugates containing a fragment of racemic 7,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydro-3-methyl-2H-[1,4]benzoxazine and its (S)-enantiomer attached via a 6-aminohexanoyl fragment were synthesized by the reaction of nucleophilic substitution of chlorine in various chloropyrimidines. Enantiomeric purity of optically active derivatives was confirmed by chiral HPLC. Antiviral evaluation of the synthesized compounds has shown that the replacement of purine with a pyrimidine fragment leads to a decrease in the anti-herpesvirus activity compared to the lead compound, purine conjugate. The studied compounds did not exhibit significant activity against influenza A (H1N1) virus. After reading the article, we found that the author used 4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1Application of 1193-21-1)

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1) is a member of organic chlorides. Organic chlorides are compounds containing a carbon-chlorine bond, which are widely used in the oil field as a wax dissolver. They are generally not present in crude oils and are typically the result of additives, cleaning solutions or chemicals used for oil recovery.Application of 1193-21-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

《Blue iridium(III) complexes with high internal quantum efficiency based on 4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidine derivative and their electroluminescent properties》 was written by Cheng, Wei; Wang, Li-Ding; Zhou, Yue-Yue; Bian, Zu-Qiang; Tong, Bi-Hai; Liu, Zhi-Wei; Wang, Song. HPLC of Formula: 1193-21-1 And the article was included in Dyes and Pigments in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Three novel highly efficient blue bicyclometalated Ir(III) complexes (Ir1-Ir3) were designed and synthesized with 4-(2,6-difluoropyridin-3-yl)-6-mesitylpyrimidine as primary ligands. The alternation of ancillary ligands had precisely regulated their emitting peaks from sky-blue to deep-blue. These complexes exhibit unimodal emission with PLQYs >90% and lifetimes shorter than 1.1μs. These complexes also show good thermal stability with Td > 320°. The OLED using complex Ir3 as emitter in 13% exhibited a maximum luminous efficiency of 16.9 cd A-1 with a high EQE of 13.0%. The CIE coordinates of this device are (0.15, 0.16), which are close to the standard blue color region. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1HPLC of Formula: 1193-21-1)

4,6-Dichloropyrimidine(cas: 1193-21-1) is a member of organic chlorides. Organic chloride content in crude oil can be detected through specialized laboratory analysis. Care and attention are essential while sampling and testing.HPLC of Formula: 1193-21-1

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia