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Metabolomic Analysis of Response to Nitrogen-Limiting Conditions in Yarrowia spp.

Yarrowia is a yeast genus that has been used as a model oleaginous taxon for a wide array of studies. However, information regarding metabolite changes within Yarrowia spp. under different environmental conditions is still limited. Among various factors affecting Yarrowia metabolism, nitrogen-limiting conditions have a profound effect on the metabolic state of yeast. In this study, a time-course LC-MS/MS-based metabolome analysis of Y. lipolytica was performed to determine the optimal cultivation time and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio for studying the effects of nitrogen-limiting conditions on Yarrowia; we found that cultivation time of 36 h and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of 4:1 and 5:0 was suitable for studying the effects of nitrogen-limiting conditions on Yarrowia and these conditions were applied to six strains of Yarrowia. These six strains of Yarrowia showed similar responses to nitrogen-limiting conditions; however, each strain had a unique metabolomic profile. Purine and pyrimidine metabolism were the most highly affected biological pathways in nitrogen-limiting conditions, indicating that these conditions affect energy availability within cells. This stress leads to a shift in cells to the utilization of a less ATP-dependent biological pathway. This information will be beneficial for the development of Yarrowia strains for further scientific and industrial applications.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
,Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

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Synthetic Route of 139756-21-1, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, SMILES is O=C1C(N(C)N=C2CCC)=C2N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3OCC)N1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Mellado, Marco, introduce new discover of the category.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Photophysical Properties of 4-(4-(Dimethylamino)phenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine

The pyrimidine core is present in a wide variety of compounds that show interesting fluorescent properties and have been used as pigments and dyes. In this research, we synthesized 4-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine (compound 9) from chalcone (8) with 45% yield. We obtained monocrystals of 9 by slow evaporation of dichloromethane as a solvent. Additionally, we measured the photophysical properties of compound 9, and its absorption wavelength (lambda(abs)), molar absorption coefficient (epsilon), excitation wavelength (lambda(exc)) and emission wavelength (lambda(em)), as well as Stokes shift (Delta lambda), increase with increasing solvent polarity. These properties are all related to the stabilization of the excited state by the solvent. On the other hand, the quantum yields (Phi values) in toluene and CH2Cl2 were notable greater than those in other solvents due to their high optical density (OD) and the decrease in the loss of fluorescence by non-radiative processes (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Synthetic Route of 139756-21-1, The reactant in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction is called a substrate. Enzyme inhibitors cause a decrease in the reaction rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.I hope my blog about 139756-21-1 is helpful to your research.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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New explortion of 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one

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Electric Literature of 139756-21-1, Children learn through play, and they learn more than adults might expect. Science experiments are a great way to spark their curiosity, 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, SMILES is O=C1C(N(C)N=C2CCC)=C2N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3OCC)N1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Ladds, Marcus J. G. W., introduce new discover of the category.

Exploitation of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and p53 activation as therapeutic targets: A case study in polypharmacology

The tenovins are a frequently studied class of compounds capable of inhibiting sirtuin activity, which is thought to result in increased acetylation and protection of the tumor suppressor p53 from degradation. However, as we and other laboratories have shown previously, certain tenovins are also capable of inhibiting autophagic flux, demonstrating the ability of these compounds to engage with more than one target. In this study, we present two additional mechanisms by which tenovins are able to activate p53 and kill tumor cells in culture. These mechanisms are the inhibition of a key enzyme of the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), and the blockage of uridine transport into cells. These findings hold a 3-fold significance: first, we demonstrate that tenovins, and perhaps other compounds that activate p53, may activate p53 by more than one mechanism; second, that work previously conducted with certain tenovins as SirT1 inhibitors should additionally be viewed through the lens of DHODH inhibition as this is a major contributor to the mechanism of action of the most widely used tenovins; and finally, that small changes in the structure of a small molecule can lead to a dramatic change in the target profile of the molecule even when the phenotypic readout remains static.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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New explortion of 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one

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Metabolic signatures for safety assessment of low-level cadmium exposure on human osteoblast-like cells

Cadmium has been widely detected in the environment and various foods. The association between cadmium burden and osteoporosis has been studied in cohorts. However, the effects and mechanisms of environmental cadmium exposure on bone metabolism is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the altered me-tabolites in bone cells affected by low-level cadmium by metabolomics analysis. Specifically, we used the dosage of cadmium that do not decrease the cell viability (determined by MTT assay) to treat Saos-2 cells for 24 h. ICPMS was applied to quantify the cadmium in culture medium and cell precipitate. The cellular metabolites were extracted and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The pathway analysis based on the identified differential metabolites showed that 1 mu M cadmium significantly affected citric acid cycle and malateaspartate shuttle, while 10 mu M cadmium treatment affected citric acid cycle, alanine metabolism, glucose-alanine cycle, pyrimidine metabolism and glutamate metabolism. Taken together, 1 mu M cadmium exposure could suppress the electrons transportation from the cytosol to mitochondrial matrix in Saos-2, and the impediment of the electron transport chain further inhibited downstream activities in citric acid cycle, which resulted in the accumulation of pyruvic acid. In addition, the suppressed pyrimidine degradation resulted in senescent nucleic acid accumulation and the decrease of mRNA transcription in Saos-2 cells. In general, our studies unveil the cadmium-induced metabolic perturbations in Saos-2 cells and demonstrate the feasibility of our established metabolomics pipeline to understand cadmium-induced effects on bone.

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Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, molecular formula is C17H20N4O2, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a document, author is Verma, Vaijinath A., introduce the new discover, Recommanded Product: 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one.

Synthesis of novel indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline derivatives bearing pyrimidine, piperazine rings and their biological evaluation and docking studies against COVID-19 virus main protease

A series of hybrid indolo[3,2-c]isoquinoline (delta-carboline) analogs incorporating two pyrimidine and piperizine ring frameworks were synthesized. Intending biological activities and SAR we propose replacements of fluorine, methyl and methoxy of synthetic compounds for noteworthy antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-tuberculosis activities. Among these compounds 3a, 4a and 5e were progressively strong against E. coli and K. pneumonia. Whereas, compounds 4a, 5a and 6a with addition of various functional groups (OCH3, CH3) were excellent against S. aureus and B. subtilis. Compound 5c exhibited strong RSA and dynamic ferrous ion (Fe2+) metal chelating impact with IC50 of 7.88 +/- 0.93 and 4.06 +/- 0.31 mu g/mL, respectively. Compound 5e was considerably cytotoxic against all cancer cells displaying activity better than the standard drug. Compounds 6b and 6e inhibited M. tuberculosis (MIC 1.0 mg/L) considerably. Molecular docking studies indicate that compounds 4d, 5a, 5b, 6b and 6f exhibited good interactions with 6LZE (COVID-19) and 6XFN (SARS-CoV-2) at active sites. The structure of the synthesized compounds were elementally analyzed using IR, H-1, C-13 NMR and mass spectral information. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Electric Literature of 139756-21-1, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, SMILES is O=C1C(N(C)N=C2CCC)=C2N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3OCC)N1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Pan, Y-Q, introduce new discover of the category.

A single nucleotide distinguishes the SARS-CoV-2 in the Wuhan outbreak in December 2019 from that in Beijing-Xinfadi in June 2020, China

Two major locally transmitted outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 occurred in China, one in Wuhan from December 2019 to April 2020, another in Beijing-Xinfadi in June 2020. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 isolated from these two outbreaks can be distinguished by a conserved pyrimidine nucleotide located at nucleotide position 241 in the 5′-untranslated region of the virus genome. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Chemistry is an experimental science, and the best way to enjoy it and learn about it is performing experiments.Introducing a new discovery about 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, molecular formula is , belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a document, author is Hamed, E. O., Product Details of 139756-21-1.

Heterocyclization of Cyanoacetamide Derivatives: Synthesis and Biological Activity of Novel Azoles and Azines

The intermolecular cyclization of N-benzyl-2-cyanoacetamide with carbon disulfide followed by intramolecular cyclization gave thioxothiazinone 3. This compound was used to synthesize a series of novel fused furopyrrole, pyridine, pyrimidine and other azine and azole derivatives. The Michael-type reaction of compound 3 with maleic anhydride followed by pyrrole and furan cyclizations and aromatization yielded polycyclic compound 7. The [3+3]-cycloaddition of benzylidene malononitrile and its derivative to compound 3 gave pyridothiazines 10-12. The ring opening in compound 3 under the action of urea or thiourea followed by pyrimidine cyclization and subsequent air oxidation resulted in the synthesis of oxa- and thiadiazolopyrimidinones 15 and 16, respectively. The reaction of compound 3 with H2O2 in a basic medium provided pyrimidine derivative 17. The oxidation of compound 3 with Br-2 in an acid medium led to bromo derivative 19. The synthesized novel compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and IR and H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy and tested antibacterial and anticancer activities.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Electric Literature of 139756-21-1, Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, SMILES is O=C1C(N(C)N=C2CCC)=C2N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3OCC)N1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Ramos, Clysly Celine R., introduce new discover of the category.

Use of ultraviolet-C in environmental sterilization in hospitals: A systematic review on efficacy and safety

Objectives: The study aimed to review the literature on the use of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) sterilization to assess its clinical efficacy in reducing risk and transmission of nosocomial infections as well as its associated health safety or hazards. Methods: Four main search engines were used to identify potential studies which included: (1) Google Scholar, (2) ScienceDirect, (3) PubMed, and (4) Cochrane. Studies in English and published from 2010 to 2020 were considered. Studies on efficacy were limited to those in unseeded hospital environments, examining environmental disinfection, and with true experimental, randomized controlled trial, or quasiexperimental study designs. No additional criterion was used for safety studies due to the scarcity of literature. In the end, a total of 17 studies were selected. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Risk of bias assessment and manual data extraction and tabulation were done. Results: Twelve eligible efficacy studies were identified together with five safety studies. It was found that UV-C irradiation had positive results when used as an adjunct for existing cleaning protocols. The germicidal effect of UV-C is potent against microorganisms including viruses, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Safety study results showed dermal effects of UV-C exposure including DNA lesions, formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in cells, and effects on the skin’s stratum corneum. Conclusion: It was found that UV-C can be utilized as an adjunct to terminal manual cleaning because of its efficacy as a germicidal agent. Further studies must still be done to exact a standard for safe exposure dose, especially for 222 nm germicidal lamps. Direct evidence is needed for any targeted implementation of UV-C during Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Enzymes are biological catalysts that produce large increases in reaction rates and tend to be specific for certain reactants and products. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, molecular formula is C17H20N4O2, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a document, author is Spallarossa, Andrea, introduce the new discover, Recommanded Product: 139756-21-1.

Bicyclic Basic Merbarone Analogues as Antiproliferative Agents

Pyrimido-pyrimidine derivatives have been developed as rigid merbarone analogues. In a previous study, these compounds showed potent antiproliferative activity and efficiently inhibited topoisomerase II alpha. To further extend the structure-activity relationships on pyrimido-pyrimidines, a novel series of analogues was synthesized by a two-step procedure. Analogues 3-6 bear small alky groups at positions 1 and 3 of the pyrimido-pyrimidine scaffold whereas at position 6a (4-chloro)phenyl substituent was inserted. The basic side chains introduced at position 7 were selected on the basis of the previously developed structure-activity relationships. The antiproliferative activity of the novel compounds proved to be affected by both the nature of the basic side chain and the substituents on the pyrimido-pyrimidine moiety. Derivatives 5d and 5e were identified as the most promising molecules still showing reduced antiproliferative activity in comparison with the previously prepared pyrimido-pyrimidine analogues. In topoisomerase II alpha-5d docking complex, the ligand would poorly interact with the enzyme and assume a different orientation in comparison with 1d bioactive conformation.

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Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
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Related Products of 139756-21-1, The transformation of simple hydrocarbons into more complex and valuable products via catalytic C¨CH bond functionalisation has revolutionised modern synthetic chemistry. 139756-21-1, Name is 5-(2-Ethoxyphenyl)-1-methyl-3-propyl-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7(6H)-one, SMILES is O=C1C(N(C)N=C2CCC)=C2N=C(C3=CC=CC=C3OCC)N1, belongs to pyrimidines compound. In a article, author is Lin Junjie, introduce new discover of the category.

Efficient Synthesis of Pyridine [2,3-d]pyrimidine Derivatives by Catalyst-free Tandem Cyclization Under Microwave Irradiation

This work presents a highly efficient and simple method for the synthesis of pyridine [2, 3-d] pyrimidine derivatives. This method took the alpha, beta-unsaturated ketones compounds and 1, 3-dimethyl-6-aminouracil as raw material, 28 pyridine [2, 3-d] pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized by microwave irradiation high-efficiency tandem cyclization in 5-15 min without catalyst, including 21 compounds did not see the literature. This method has the characteristics of simple and easy raw materials, high green efficiency, high bonding efficiency and simple post-treatment.

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Reference:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
,Pyrimidine – Wikipedia