Day: November 3, 2022

Kirchmeier, R. L.; Upton, R. P. published an article in 1978, the title of the article was Simultaneous determination of vancomycin, anisomycin, and trimethoprim lactate by high pressure liquid chromatography.Category: pyrimidines And the article contains the following content:

A reverse phase, high pressure liquid chromatog. method for the rapid, accurate, precise, and simultaneous determination of vancomycin [1404-90-6], anisomycin [22862-76-6], and trimethoprim lactate [23256-42-0] was developed, and applied to the determination of these compounds in antibiotic mixtures No chem. methods for the determination of anisomycin have previously been reported. The methods reported in the literature for the determination of vancomycin, and/or trimethoprim lactate are imprecise, nonspecific, or time consuming, and do not allow the simultaneous quant. of anisomycin, vancomycin, and trimethoprim. Precision of the high pressure liquid chromatog. assay was found to be ±1.8%, ±1.1%, and ±2.2% for vancomycin, anisomycin, and trimethoprim lactate, resp. (two standard deviations relative to the average). The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 23256-42-0).Category: pyrimidines

The Article related to vancomycin anisomycin trimethoprim determination, chromatog anisomycin trimethoprim vancomycin, Pharmaceutical Analysis: Natural Drug Materials and other aspects.Category: pyrimidines

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On May 22, 2008, Baele, Margot; Haesebrouck, Freddy published a patent.HPLC of Formula: 23256-42-0 The title of the patent was In vitro cultivation of Helicobacter species. And the patent contained the following:

The present invention relates to media and methods for the isolation and cultivation of “”Candidatus Helicobacter suis”” and isolates of “”Candidatus Helicobacter suis”” obtainable by these methods. The present invention further relates to the use of these bacteria for the manufacture of antigen preparations and vaccines. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 23256-42-0).HPLC of Formula: 23256-42-0

The Article related to culture media helicobacter, Microbial, Algal, and Fungal Biochemistry: Other and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 23256-42-0

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On March 14, 2021, Dempwolff, Adrian L.; Belogolova, Alexandra M.; Trofimov, Alexander B.; Dreuw, Andreas published an article.Recommanded Product: 65-71-4 The title of the article was Intermediate state representation approach to physical properties of molecular electron-attached states: Theory, implementation, and benchmarking. And the article contained the following:

Computational schemes for comprehensive studies of mol. electron-attached states and the calculation of electron affinities (EAs) are formulated and implemented employing the intermediate state representation (ISR) formalism and the algebraic-diagrammatic construction approximation for the electron propagator (EA-ADC). These EA-ADC(n)/ISR(m) schemes allow for a consistent treatment of not only electron affinities and pole strengths up to third-order of perturbation theory (n = 3) but also one-electron properties of electron-attached states up to second order (m = 2). The EA-ADC/ISR equations were implemented in the Q-CHEM program for Sẑ-adapted intermediate states, allowing also open-shell systems to be studied using UHF references For benchmarking of the EA-(U)ADC/ISR schemes, EAs and dipole moments of various electron-attached states of small closed- and open-shell mols. were computed and compared to full CI data. As an illustrative example, EA-ADC(3)/ISR(2) has been applied to the thymine-thymine (6-4) DNA photolesion. (c) 2021 American Institute of Physics. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 65-71-4).Recommanded Product: 65-71-4

The Article related to intermediate state representation electron attached mol state propagator method, General Physical Chemistry: Electronic Structure and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 65-71-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On July 31, 1988, Nadeau, M.; Lariviere, S.; Higgins, R.; Martineau, G. P. published an article.Product Details of 23256-42-0 The title of the article was Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. And the article contained the following:

Forty-five isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were tested for susceptibility to 12 antimicrobial agents using a microdilution method for the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations The results confirmed the high prevalence of A. pleuropneumoniae strains resistant to antibiotics determined earlier using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer method). While 36% of the isolates were resistant to the penicillins, 47% were resistant to chloramphenicol and 68% were resistant to tetracycline. MICs for the resistant isolates were approx. 32-times higher than those for the susceptible isolates to the above antibacterial agents. The isolates were in general weakly susceptible or resistant to spectinomycin, lincomycin, tiamulin, and spiramycin whereas most of them were susceptible to gentamicin, trimethoprim, and erythromycin. The susceptibility pattern was similar throughout the 1980 to 1984 period. The 14 serotype-5 isolates were more resistant to tetracycline but less resistant to chloramphenicol and the penicillins than the 28 serotype-1 isolates. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 23256-42-0).Product Details of 23256-42-0

The Article related to antibiotic resistance actinobacillus, Microbial Biochemistry: Antimicrobial Sensitivity and other aspects.Product Details of 23256-42-0

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Alivizatos, A. S. published an article in 1987, the title of the article was Comparison of the antibiotic sensitivity in vitro of Spiroplasma kunkelii and Spiroplasma citri.Reference of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate And the article contains the following content:

The susceptibility of S. kunkelii (corn stunt spiroplasma, CSS) and S. citri to 17 antibiotics, was tested in vitro. The helical and nonhelical isolate of S. citri showed similar patterns of susceptibility to most antibiotics. However the helical isolate was more sensitive to trimethoprim (30 μg/mL) and more resistant to rhodomycin (10 μg/mL) and rifamycin (60 μg/mL) than the nonhelical isolate (180-240 μg/mL, 0.1-1 μg/mL, and 10-20 μg/mL resp.). S. kunkelii was more sensitive than S. citri to chlortetracycline-HCl (CSS 1.25 μg/mL, S. citri 10-15 μg/mL) and trimethoprim (CSS 5 μg/mL, S. citri 30 μg/mL for the helical isolate and 180-240 μg/mL for the nonhelical isolate), while its sensitivity to rhodomycin (10 μg/mL) and rifamycin (12.5 μg/mL) was similar to that of the helical and nonhelical isolate of S. citri, resp. The sensitivity of S. kunkelii to the other 13 antibiotics (erythromycin, tetracycline-HCl, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, neomycin, nalidixic acid, trimethoprim lactate, polymyxin-B, nystatin, thallium acetate, cycloheximide, penicillin-G) was similar to that of S. citri. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 23256-42-0).Reference of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate

The Article related to spiroplasma antibiotic susceptibility, Microbial Biochemistry: Antimicrobial Sensitivity and other aspects.Reference of 5-(3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 2-hydroxypropanoate

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On February 12, 2020, Chen, Feng; Xue, Jing; Zhang, Jin; Bai, Min; Yu, Xu; Fan, Chunhai; Zhao, Yongxi published an article.Application In Synthesis of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione The title of the article was Differentiated Visualization of Single-Cell 5-Hydroxymethylpyrimidines with Microfluidic Hydrogel Encoding. And the article contained the following:

5-Hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) is found in the genomes of a diverse range of organisms as another kind of 5-hydroxymethylpyrimidine, with the exception of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). The biol. function of 5hmU has not been well explored due to lacking both specific 5hmU recognition and single-cell anal. methods. Here we report differentiated visualization of single-cell 5hmU and 5hmC with microfluidic hydrogel encoding (s.c.5hmU/5hmC-microgel). Single cells and their genomic DNA after cell lysis can be encapsulated in individual agarose microgels. The 5hmU sites are then specifically labeled with thiophosphate for the first time, followed by labeling 5hmC with azide glucose. These labeled bases are each encoded into resp. DNA barcode primers by chem. crosslinking. In situ amplification is triggered for single-mol. fluorescence visualization of single-cell 5hmU and 5hmC. On the basis of the s.c.5hmU/5hmC-microgel, we reveal cell type-specific mol. signatures of these two bases with remarkable single-cell heterogeneity. Utilizing machine learning algorithms to decode four-dimensional signatures of 5hmU/5hmC, we visualize the discrimination of nontumorigenic, carcinoma and highly invasive breast cell lines. This strategy provides a new route to analyze and decode single-cell DNA epigenetic modifications. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 4433-40-3).Application In Synthesis of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

The Article related to fluorescent imaging cell microfluidic hydrogel, Biochemical Methods: Spectral and Related Methods and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On September 30, 2018, Pelclova, Daniela; Navratil, Tomas; Vlckova, Stepanka; Fenclova, Zdenka; Pelcl, Tomas; Kacerova, Tereza; Kacer, Petr published an article.Synthetic Route of 4433-40-3 The title of the article was Exhaled breath condensate biomarkers reflect systemic changes in patients with chronic dioxin intoxication. And the article contained the following:

Abstract: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is highly toxic and affects the cardiovascular system, brain, and skin by AhR-dependent and other mechanisms, as well as causing metabolic impairments and cancer. The involvement of the respiratory system has not yet been studied. TCDD in the blood was measured and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation were analyzed in 2016 in the exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of the last eight male survivors (mean age 72.4 years) from 80 workers intoxicated with TCDD during the production of herbicides from 1965 to 1968. The results were compared with their findings in 2010 to evaluate a trend. Malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-trans-nonenale, and 8-isoprostaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane), in addition to markers of the oxidation of nucleic acids and proteins 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-hydroxyguanosine, 5-(hydroxymethyl)uracil, o-tyrosine, and 3-nitrotyrosine, as well as markers of inflammation leukotrienes and anti-inflammatory lipoxins, were analyzed in EBC by liquid chromatog.-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, the patients underwent chest x-ray, spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) examinations The control group included 7 men (66 years) with comparable lifestyle factors. The median plasma TCDD level lowered from 155 (28-553) ng/kg fat in 2010 to 112 (46-390) ng/kg fat in 2016, i.e., 50 years after exposure. The mean TCDD body deposit was 5.0 μg. Serum TCDD level in the pooled sample of the controls was 12 ng/kg fat. All markers of oxidative stress, LTB4 and LTC4, remained overexpressed in patients and anti-inflammatory lipoxins were under-expressed compared to controls (all). The mean FeNO and spirometry results were within the reference values. Borderline x-ray findings and combined lung function impairments were seen in the patients with the lower TCDD plasma levels. Differences in the expression of the biomol. markers in EBC as compared to controls were not associated with lung impairments and the respiratory parameters measured. Therefore, these EBC markers can be used to evaluate systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in tissues and the endovascular, atherosclerotic, neurotoxic, and metabolic effects of TCDD. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-(Hydroxymethyl)pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 4433-40-3).Synthetic Route of 4433-40-3

The Article related to dioxin occupational poisoning breath condensate biomarker, Toxicology: Carcinogens, Mutagens, and Teratogens and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 4433-40-3

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

Ravera, Francesca; Efeoglu, Esen; Byrne, Hugh J. published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Monitoring stem cell differentiation using Raman microspectroscopy: chondrogenic differentiation, towards cartilage formation.Electric Literature of 65-71-4 And the article contains the following content:

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have the ability to differentiate into chondrocytes, the only cellular components of cartilage and are therefore ideal candidates for cartilage and tissue repair technologies. Chondrocytes are surrounded by cartilage-like extracellular matrix (ECM), a complex network rich in glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, and collagen, which, together with a multitude of intracellular signalling mols., trigger the chondrogenesis and allow the chondroprogenitor to acquire the spherical morphol. of the chondrocytes. However, although the mechanisms of the differentiation of MSCs have been extensively explored, it has been difficult to provide a holistic picture of the process, in situ. Raman Micro Spectroscopy (RMS) has been demonstrated to be a powerful anal. tool, which provides detailed label free biochem. fingerprint information in a non-invasive way, for anal. of cells, tissues and body fluids. In this work, RMS is explored to monitor the process of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) differentiation into chondrocytes in vitro, providing a holistic mol. picture of cellular events governing the differentiation. Spectral signatures of the subcellular compartments, nucleolus, nucleus and cytoplasm were initially probed and characteristic mol. changes between differentiated and undifferentiated were identified. Moreover, high d. cell micromasses were cultured over a period of three weeks, and a systematic monitoring of cellular mol. components and the progress of the ECM formation, associated with the chondrogenic differentiation, was performed. This study shows the potential applicability of RMS as a powerful tool to monitor and better understand the differentiation pathways and process. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 65-71-4).Electric Literature of 65-71-4

The Article related to chondrogenic stem cell differentiation raman microspectroscopy, Biochemical Methods: Spectral and Related Methods and other aspects.Electric Literature of 65-71-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On December 31, 2020, Dementjev, Andrej; Rutkauskas, Danielis; Polovy, Ivan; Macernis, Mindaugas; Abramavicius, Darius; Valkunas, Leonas; Dovbeshko, Galina published an article.Application of 65-71-4 The title of the article was Characterization of thymine microcrystals by CARS and SHG microscopy. And the article contained the following:

Identification of chem. homologous microcrystals in a polycrystal sample is a big challenge and requires developing specific highly sensitive tools. Second harmonic (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy can be used to reveal arrangement of thymine mols., one of the DNA bases, in microcrystalline sample. Strong dependence of CARS and SHG intensity on the orientation of the linear polarization of the excitation light allows to obtain high resolution images of thymine microcrystals by addnl. utilizing the scanning microscopy technique. Exptl. findings and theor. interpretation of the results are compared. Presented exptl. data together with quantum chem.-based theor. interpretation allowed us to determine the most probable organization of the thymine mols. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 65-71-4).Application of 65-71-4

The Article related to thymine microcrystal structure cars second harmonic generation microscopy, Biochemical Methods: Spectral and Related Methods and other aspects.Application of 65-71-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia

On March 3, 2020, Zhang, Yi; Xiao, Jing-Yu; Zhu, Yuan; Tian, Li-Jiao; Wang, Wei-Kang; Zhu, Ting-Ting; Li, Wen-Wei; Yu, Han-Qing published an article.Application of 65-71-4 The title of the article was Fluorescence Sensor Based on Biosynthetic CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots and Liposome Carrier Signal Amplification for Mercury Detection. And the article contained the following:

Mercury (Hg), as a highly harmful environmental pollutant, poses severe ecol. and health risks even at low concentrations Accurate and sensitive methods for detecting Hg2+ ions in aquatic environments are highly needed. In this work, the authors developed a highly sensitive fluorescence sensor for Hg2+ detection with an integrated use of biosynthetic CdSe/CdS quantum dots (QDs) and liposome carrier signal amplification. To construct such a sensor, three single-stranded DNA probes were rationally designed based on the thymine-Hg2+-thymine (T-Hg2+-T) coordination chem. principles and by taking advantage of the biocompatibility and facile-modification properties of the biosynthetic QDs. Hg2+ could be determined in a range from 0.25 to 100 nM with a detection limit of 0.01 nM, which met the requirements of environmental sample detection. The sensor also exhibited a high selectivity for Hg2+ detection in the presence of other high-level metal ions. A satisfactory capacity of the sensor for detecting environmental samples including tap water, river water, and landfill leachate was also demonstrated. This work opens up a new application scenario for biosynthetic QDs and holds a great potential for environmental monitoring applications. The experimental process involved the reaction of 5-Methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione(cas: 65-71-4).Application of 65-71-4

The Article related to fluorescence sensor cadmium selenide sulfide quantum dot liposome mercury, Biochemical Methods: Spectral and Related Methods and other aspects.Application of 65-71-4

Referemce:
Pyrimidine | C4H4N2 – PubChem,
Pyrimidine – Wikipedia